Effects of Psychotropic Drugs on Emotional Behavior: Exploratory Behavior of Naive Rats in Holed Open Field

Nakama, Mototaka; Ochiai, Takashi; Kowa, Yoshio

doi:10.1254/jjp.22.767

Cited by 31 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The observation that alprazolam and diazepam produced a decrease in locomotor activity following an increase in the initial 3-min period in non-stressed rats is in agree ment with previous reports concerning benzodiazepines in the open-field test de scribed by other researchers (29)(30)(31)(32). Also, chlorpromazine and carpipramine, which have been reported to reduce exploratory be havior in rats (30,31,33) and locomotor ac tivity in mice (34), produced marked suppres sion of behavioral activities at relatively higher doses in the present study. Imipramine at the highest dose decreased locomotion, but did not affect rearing in non-stressed rats, sup porting the evidence reported by Kulkarni and Dandiya (35).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Abnormal Open-Field Behavior of SART-Stressed Rats and Effects of Some Drugs on It

Hata

Nishimura

Kita

et al. 1988

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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Abstract-Aspart of an investigation on the behavioral characteristics of SART stressed animals, an animal model of autonomic imbalance, the open-field behavior of SARI-stressed (repeated cold-stressed) rats was studied and compared with that of rats exposed to other types of stress.In addition, the effects of several drugs on it were also studied.As compared with normal rats, SART-stressed rats exhibited increased locomotor activity, rearing and center-field penetration, together with decreased grooming and increased defecation, whereas they showed no sig nificant changes in spontaneous movements in the daytime as measured by an Animex activity meter. These behavioral abnormalities were remarkably different from those due to 1-hr cold, 48-hr cold and repeated restraint stresses. These abnormal forms of open-field behavior due to SART stress were considerably inhibited by chlorpromazine, imipramine and neurotropin at doses having no corresponding influence on normal rats; and they were partially inhibited by al prazolam, diazepam and carpipramine at doses exerting considerable influence on normal rats. The above results show that SARI-stressed rats exhibit open-field behavioral abnormalities that are different from those of rats exposed to other types of stress.Such abnormalities include excessive activity, which is considered to be caused by excessive emotionality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The Abnormal Open-Field Behavior of SART-Stressed Rats and Effects of Some Drugs on It

Hata

Nishimura

Kita

et al. 1988

Japanese Journal of Pharmacology

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“…While mescaline increases behavioral activity in rodents (Lush, 1975; Nakama et al, 1972; Shah, 1973; Shah, 1976), we found no difference in distance traveled or velocity between control and mescaline-treated fish in the open field test. PCP also did not affect open field behavior, in agreement with past rodent studies at similar doses (Lee et al, 2005; McLean et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Effects of hallucinogenic agents mescaline and phencyclidine on zebrafish behavior and physiology

Kyzar

Collins

Gaikwad

et al. 2012

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry

101

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Mescaline and phencyclidine (PCP) are potent hallucinogenic agents affecting human and animal behavior. As their psychotropic effects remain poorly understood, further research is necessary to characterize phenotypes they evoke in various animal models. Zebrafish (Danio rerio) are rapidly emerging as a new model organism for neuroscience research. Here, we examine the effects of mescaline (5–20 mg/l) and PCP (0.5–3 mg/l) in several zebrafish paradigms, including the novel tank, open field and shoaling tests. Mescaline and PCP dose-dependently increased top activity in the novel tank test, also reducing immobility and disrupting the patterning of zebrafish swimming, as assessed by ethograms. PCP, but not mescaline, evoked circling behavior in the open field test. At the highest doses tested, mescaline increased, while PCP did not affect, zebrafish shoaling behavior. Finally, 20 mg/l mescaline did not alter, and 3 mg/l PCP elevated, whole-body cortisol levels. Overall, our studies indicate high sensitivity of zebrafish models to hallucinogenic compounds with complex behavioral and physiological effects.

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“…This experiment was performed by (i) open field test (Gupta et al, 1971), (ii) hole-cross test (Takagi et al, 1971), and (iii) hole-board test (Nakama et al, 1972). The test animals were divided into three groups consisting of seven mice in each group.…”

Section: Exploratory Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-inflammatory, Antinociceptive, and Neuropharmacological Activities ofClerodendron viscosum.

Ahmed

Shahid

Biswas

et al. 2007

Pharmaceutical Biology

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The crude methanol extract of Clerodendron viscosum Vent. (Verbenaceae) leaves was evaluated for its antiinflammatory, antinociceptive, and neuropharmacological activities. When given orally to rats at doses of 200 and 400 mg=kg of body weight, the extract showed a significant (p < 0.001) anti-inflammatory activity against carrageenan-induced rat paw edema comparable with the standard drug phenylbutazone at the dose of 100 mg=kg of body weight. It also produced a significant writhing inhibition in acetic acid-induced writhing in mice at the oral dose of 250 and 500 mg=kg of body weight (p < 0.001), which was comparable with the standard drug diclofenac sodium at the dose of 25 mg=kg of body weight. Moreover, when given intraperitoneally to albino mice, it potentiated the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time (p < 0.001), decreased the open field score in open field test (p < 0.001), decreased the number of holes crossed from one chamber to the other in the hole-cross test (p < 0.001), and decreased the head dip responses in the hole-board test (p < 0.001) at the dose of 250 and 500 mg=kg of body weight. The overall results tend to suggest the anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and central nervous system depressant activities of the crude methanol extract of Clerodendron viscosum.

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Effects of Psychotropic Drugs on Emotional Behavior: Exploratory Behavior of Naive Rats in Holed Open Field

Cited by 31 publications

References 10 publications

The Abnormal Open-Field Behavior of SART-Stressed Rats and Effects of Some Drugs on It

The Abnormal Open-Field Behavior of SART-Stressed Rats and Effects of Some Drugs on It

Effects of hallucinogenic agents mescaline and phencyclidine on zebrafish behavior and physiology

Anti-inflammatory, Antinociceptive, and Neuropharmacological Activities ofClerodendron viscosum.

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