Effects of Rapid Urban Expansion on the Peri-Urban Livelihood of Surrounding Farm Land in the case of Hawassa city, Ethiopia

Abstract

The study focus on the socio economic impact of urban expansion on the surrounding displaced farmers in the Hawassa city, to compare and contrast the pre and post displacement livelihood pattern of the farm household and identifying the coping mechanism that the displaced community develops as a new means of livelihood. To achieve these objectives, the data was collected from primary and secondary data source and used a mixed type of research method. The sample was selected from 1321 total displaced households within the year of 2015–2019. From this population 307 respondents were selected by using Simple random sampling technique. Descriptive and econometric model are also used to analyze the data, probit regression models were used to investigate the impact of urban expansion on the livelihood of surrounding displaced farmers. The findings indicate that the expansion of urban areas to surrounding rural farm areas have impacts on the displaced farm land size, farmers’ social and economic levels, due to the change of the living style and means of livelihood from agriculture to urban life style. From the observed ten variables compensation have significant correlation at 0.01% affected the livelihood of expropriated family and farm land size, occupation, family income and social relation have significant correlations at 0.05% level. The remaining variables sex, age, education level, family sizes do not have significant correlations after land expropriation.

Development-Induced Impacts on the Livelihoods of Displaced Communities: The Case of Bole Lemi Industry Park, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

“…The loss of agricultural income does not lead to the creation of additional employment opportunities in the developed industry park [67]. Moreover, the conversion of land for industrialization poses numerous challenges to the natural environment, such as the loss of productive farmland; changes in energy demand; alterations to the local climate; modifications to hydrological and biogeochemical cycles; habitat fragmentation; soil, air, and water pollution; as well as biodiversity loss [69]. These factors also increase the vulnerability of communities to various risks [66].…”

Impact of urbanization on the welfare of farm households: Evidence from Adama Rural District in Oromia regional state, Ethiopia

“…As a result, farm households close to urban areas are less likely to move out of poverty than farm households apart from urban areas [ [51] , [52] , [53] ]. Urban expansion negatively affects the consumption expenditure of dispossessed farm households and asset ownership [ [54] , [55] , [56] ]. A multidimensional poverty index analysis of poverty in Tigray highlighted that urban development positively affects the poverty of smallholder peri-urban farmers [ 57 ].…”