Effects of salinity on xanthate adsorption on sphalerite and bubble–sphalerite interactions

Wang, Jingyi; Xie, Lei; Liu, Qingxia; Zeng, Hongbo

doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2015.02.009

Cited by 44 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…However, a significant decrease was observed when 10 mg/L SHMP was added, e.g., from 16 % O to 11% O and from 20% O to 13% O, respectively, further suggesting that the addition of SHMP decreased the adsorption of Ca and Mg complexes onto chalcopyrite due primarily to its dispersion effects. [51,[53][54][55][56], with the tail at higher binding energy being also possible due to the Cu 2+ species [57]. As shown in Figure 12, no significant difference in Cu species (detailed values not shown herein) was observed when the chalcopyrite surface was treated under various conditions.…”

Section: S 2p Spectramentioning

confidence: 88%

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Xiao

et al. 2018

Minerals

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Sea water has been used in flotation plants, showing a promising way to save fresh water usage. Previous studies indicated that divalent salts in sea water played negative roles in chalcopyrite flotation, but not much work have been conducted to understand the eliminating mechanisms. This study systematically investigated the effects of divalent cations of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ on natural flotability of chalcopyrite in the absence of collectors and frothers. The reduced recovery was mainly due to the adsorption of Mg and Ca hydroxyl complexes and precipitation on chalcopyrite surfaces, giving rise to a less hydrophobic surface. The addition of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP), however, significantly improved chalcopyrite recovery. Species calculation, contact angle, zeta potential, FTIR and XPS analyses were conducted to understand the influencing mechanisms of divalent ions and the beneficial effects of SHMP on chalcopyrite recovery. The primary mechanism was that SHMP prevented the adsorption of positively charged Mg and Ca compounds or precipitation with hydrophilic properties such as Mg(OH) 2 on chalcopyrite surfaces, confirmed by the Derjguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory. Secondly, SHMP reacted with Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ to form dissolvable complexes, thereby declining the formation of insoluble Mg 2+ and Ca 2+ compounds or precipitation.

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Section: S 2p Spectramentioning

confidence: 88%

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Xiao

et al. 2018

Minerals

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“…Identical observations have been made by Choi et al (2016), indicating that Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ ions have a more promotive effect on the adsorption of sodium oleate on malachite than K + or Na + ions at the same concentration [14]. Ofor (1996) and Wang et al (2019) also found that the metal ions with a higher valence tend to have a more depressive effect in the anionic flotation of molybdenite or hematite [13,15]. But reported that the activation abilities on the quartz of the divalent cations (Ca 2+ or Mg 2+ ) are greater than the trivalent cations (Fe 3+ or Al 3+ ) during the anionic flotation [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

“…It seems to be beneficial to improve the recovery of Fe in concentrates by using the recycled tailing water, but at a cost of the quality of concentrates by dramatically increasing the content of SiO 2 and lowering the grade of Fe. The disturbing inorganic ions, especially cations in the recycled tailing water may play an important role in influencing the interactions between DDA and silica by modifying the surface zeta potential of the minerals [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Water Chemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A sharp increase on the recovery of Fe and content of SiO 2 in the concentrate from the flotation tests using the recycled tailing water as shown in Figure 2 may be closely related to the built-up of these ions, especially the cations, either in the tailing or concentrate. Since these cations/their species could adsorb on the surface of the silica, modifying the zeta potential and triggering the disfunction of the amine collector on the minerals [14][15][16][17][18][19].…”

Section: Water Chemistry Of the Recycled Tailing Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Cations/Anions in Recycled Tailing Water on Cationic Reverse Flotation of Iron Oxides

Tang

Wen

2019

Minerals

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It is well known that reverse flotation performance of iron oxides is affected by water quality. Since many potential variations among water sources recycling in a mineral processing plant bring unpredictable effects on the flotation system of iron oxides: disturbing ions/compounds, pH, hardness, residual reagents, etc. In this study, the recycled tailing water from a local plant, characteristically constituting of Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Al3+, Fe3+, Cl−, SO42− etc., was introduced into the cationic reverse flotation process of an iron ore. A series of bench flotation tests using iron ores, micro-flotation tests using pure fine quartz, water chemical analyses, and zeta potential measurement were conducted with the objective of identifying the possible influences of both cations and anions in the recycled tailing water on the flotation performance. The flotation results pointed out that the cation with higher valency had more severe influences on the recovery of iron oxides. The formation of the pH-dependent surface complexes on mineral surfaces, for example, Fe(OH)+, Fe(OH)2+, and Fe(OH)3 resulted from Fe3+ ions adsorption, contributed to the less negative zeta potentials of the quartz, and consequently weakened its interaction with the amine collector. It is worthy to note that SO42− ions seem to have a more positive effect on the recovery of iron oxides than Cl− ions. This is probably attributed to the formation of inner/outer- sphere surface complexes on the iron oxides, inhibiting the dissolution of the iron ions/species, and the coordination with these cations from the recycled tailing water, shielding their disturbances in the flotation.

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“…When the bubble and surface are at proximity (less than 100 nm), the bubble-mineral Colloidal forces can affect bubble-solid, liquid-film thinning significantly (Nguyen and Firouzi, 2012;Parkinson and Ralston, 2011;Pugh and Yoon, 1994;Tjus et al, 1988;Xie et al, 2015;Yoon, 2000). To define the interaction between air bubble and solid surface and liquid film DR, a theoretical model based on the classical Stefan-Reynolds theory was applied to planar parallel and tangentially immobile film surfaces (Nguyen and Schulze, 2004b):…”

Section: Drmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bubble attachment and Amyl Xanthate adsorption to copper-activated sphalerite

Ejtemaei¹

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Sphalerite (ZnS) is a primary source of zinc metal. It usually coexists with other sulphide minerals such as pyrite (FeS 2 ) and galena (PbS). Its concentration is accomplished by froth flotation using short-chain thiol collectors such as xanthate. Due to its unique chemical and structural characteristics, the concentration of sphalerite by flotation requires Cu-activation, which is a process of making the mineral susceptible to reactions with the thiol collectors. The high amount of copper sulphate consumption is a big challenge for zinc processing plants, and the parameters that lead to a significant amount of copper sulphate usage for sphalerite activation is not wellunderstood. Based on the literature review and zinc processing plants reports, process water quality and the presence of pyrite during sphalerite Cu-activation could be two main factors affecting the activation that are the main focus of this thesis.To develop insight into mechanisms of Cu-activation of sphalerite and pyrite, Cryogenic X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopic (Cryo-XPS) and zeta potential measurements were applied. The Cryo-XPS results showed that Cu-activation of sphalerite was an ion exchange reaction with CuS-type layer formation, while pyrite Cu-activation was governed by redox reactions with CuFeS 2 -type layer development. Depth profiling after 10 min activation revealed Cu diffusion into the sphalerite lattice up to 10 nm, while the thickness of the activation product on pyrite surface was less than 3 nm. The zeta potential studies confirmed proposed surface products on the minerals by Cryo-XPS.Hydrophobicity and many other surface properties of Cu-activated sphalerite can be changed by dissolved ions available in the process water (e.g. calcium, magnesium and sulphate). The effect of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 , Mg(NO 3 ) 2 , MgSO 4 and CaSO 4 on the surface properties of Cu-activated sphalerite was studied using sessile drop Contact Angle (CA), Cryo-XPS and zeta potential measurements. The CA measurements showed that the hydrophobicity of sphalerite developed after Cu-activation, but the presence of 3×10 -2 M Ca(NO 3 ) 2 or Mg(NO 3 ) 2 or MgSO 4 decreased its hydrophobicity. The XPS data showed that the effect of these ions appeared to be the same, namely a decrease in Cu adsorption and polysulphide formation. Zeta potential measurements confirmed the presence of calcium and magnesium ions on the sphalerite surface.Sphalerite is not the only sulphide mineral whose flotation behaviour can be affected by the presence of Cu ions in solution. The possibility of inadvertent Cu-activation of pyrite and its undesirable flotation is one factor accounting for the effective separation of sphalerite from pyrite.The surface hydrophobicity and components of the Cu-activated sphalerite were measured to investigate Cu adsorption kinetics of sphalerite in the presence of pyrite using a novel experimental approach of High-Speed Video Microscopy (HSVM) and Cryo-XPS. HSVM method allowed for ii in-situ liquid film Drainage rate (DR) and bubble-mineral CA...

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Effects of salinity on xanthate adsorption on sphalerite and bubble–sphalerite interactions

Cited by 44 publications

References 57 publications

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

The Influencing Mechanisms of Sodium Hexametaphosphate on Chalcopyrite Flotation in the Presence of MgCl2 and CaCl2

Effects of Cations/Anions in Recycled Tailing Water on Cationic Reverse Flotation of Iron Oxides

Bubble attachment and Amyl Xanthate adsorption to copper-activated sphalerite

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