Effects of sliding velocity on friction: An in vitro study at extremely low sliding velocity approximating orthodontic tooth movement

Abstract

The effects of sliding velocity cannot be ignored when we estimate frictional forces in clinical orthodontics.

In vitro evaluation of the influence of velocity on sliding resistance of stainless steel arch wires in a self‐ligating orthodontic bracket

“…Yanase et al . reported results opposite to ours, with the frictional resistance decreasing with increasing SV.…”

“…Despite what has been in some occasions reported, but in agreement with other authors considering very low velocities, we did not find any initial frictional peaks during our tests (Figures ). This may be a consequence of the weakness of the normal force applied, resulting in a negligible difference between μ static and μ dynamic .…”

“…Tests settings were chosen to isolate the SV as the sole variable, avoiding multiple variables to act as confounders and to facilitate the comparison with previous experiments performed in dry and room temperature conditions …”

“…Even though the two previously mentioned low‐velocity studies and few reports of stick‐slip phenomena considered SV in RS, the observation of its wakening‐strengthening behaviour is not well documented in orthodontics and only Rossouw et al. specifically discussed it .…”

“…However, the same authors stated about SV that “this observation is not well‐documented in orthodontic in vitro analyses” . In fact, SV remains one of the clinical variables the magnitude of which is least well replicated in vitro, with only two studies directly quantifying the influence of SV on RS, and none of them used a self‐ligating bracket.…”