Effects of Some Environmental Factors on Seed Germination and Spreading Potentials of Silybum marianum Gaertner

Montemurro, P.; Fracchiolla, Mariano; Lonigro, Antonio

doi:10.4081/ija.2007.315

Cited by 23 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Milk thistle grows well and has a good yield on different soil types [39][40][41] . Milk thistle is normally considered to be a weed that grows along roadsides and on wastelands 42 and reported as being a noxious weed in several countries because it competes with crops both for water and for nutrients 43 . Milk thistle proliferates best in nitrogen-rich media such as dairy yards, chicken coop waste, garbage dumps and abandoned agricultural fields 40 .…”

Section: Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle): Review on Its chemistry, morphology, ethno medical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities

Porwal¹,

Ameen²,

Anwer³

et al. 2019

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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The oldest remedies identified to mankind are herbal medicines. India is recognized worldwide for its Ayurvedic treatment. India has rich history of using many plants for medicinal purposes. Remedial plants are cooperating extremely dynamic position in customary drugs for the action of a variety of illness. However a key obstacle, which has hindered the promotion in use of alternative medicines in the developed countries, is no evidence of documentation and absence of stringent quality control measures. There is a demand for the evidence of every investigate effort execute on conventional remedies in the appearance of certification. The purpose of current review is to make accessible up-to-date information on, botany, morphology, ecological biodiversity, therapeutic uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities on diverse parts of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn (S. marianum). This review was assembled using technical literature from electronic search engine such as Springer link, Bio Med Central, Pub Med, Scopus, Science Direct, Scielo, Medline and Science domain. Supplementary texts were obtained from books, book chapters, dissertations, websites and other scientific publications. S. marianum a member of the Asteraceae family, is a tall herb with large prickly white veined green leaves and a reddish-purple flower that ends in sharp spines. It is native of the Mediterranean region and which has also spread in East Asia, Europe, Australia and America. Confident chemical constituents were exposed cognate as silybin A, silybin B, isosilybin A, isosilybin B, silychristin, silydianin, apigenin 7-O-β-(2″- O-α-rhamnosyl)galacturonide, kaempferol 3-O-α-rhamnoside-7-O-β-galacturonide, apigenin 7-O-β-glucuronide, apigenin 7-O-β-glucoside, apigenin 7-O-β-galactoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-rhamnoside, kaempferol, taxifolin and quercetin. The plant is exclusively used as anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, hypocholesterolaemic, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and as an anti-oxidant. Seeds of the plant are also used as an anti-spasmodic, neuroprotective, anti-viral, immunomodulant, cardioprotective, demulcent and anti-haemorrhagic. The plant is also serves as a galactagogue, agent that induces milk secretion and used in the treatment of uterine disorders. The plant is employed in dissimilar conventional schemes of remedy in the cure of different illness.

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Section: Ecologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle): Review on Its chemistry, morphology, ethno medical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities

Porwal¹,

Ameen²,

Anwer³

et al. 2019

J. Drug Delivery Ther.

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“…Milk thistle is usually found and widespread in Egypt on road sides, waste ground and in cereal crops as a weed, this stout thistle usually grows in dry, sunny areas . Milk thistle has a stem of 40-200 cm high, glabrous or slightly downy, erect and branched in the upper part of plant (Montemurro et al, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical and Technological Studies on Some Medicinal Plants

Khalil

Abou-Raya

Ibrahim

et al. 2015

Journal of Food and Dairy Sciences

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This study indicate the importance of some wild medicinal plants such as milk thistle seed and chicory seed. Therefore , chemical characteristies such as crude protein, ether extract, crude fiber, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamin C and minerals contents were determined. Also ,the antioxidative properties such as phenolic compounds and flavonoid compounds and scavenging activity on DPPH free radicals were also determined. Moreover ,the possibility to use these seeds in biscuit production, where the utilization of milk thistle seed flour and chicory seed flour as replacers of wheat flour at different levels (5, 10, and 15%) to prepare biscuits rich in protein and minerals, as well as organoleptic evaluation of prepared biscuits and firmness values were also investigated. Results indicated that milk thistle seed and chicory seed have high amount of protein, ether extract, crude fiber, minerals content, vitamin C, flavonoids, and phenolic compounds (antioxidants) which, could be used as alternative natural source for synthetic antioxidants in industry.. The major unsaturated fatty acids in milk thistle seed and chicory seed oil are oleic and linoleic. The essential and nonessential amino acids are more abundant in milk thistle seed and chicory seed protein. Sensory evaluation of the obtained products indicated that successful replacement was 10% of both seeds. So , it could be recommended to use the investigated plant seeds in biscuit production for its nutritional concept and antioxidative effects. For these reasons, we must take in consideration to cultivate these plants on a large scale to take their advantages of their therapeutic and nutritional. Milk thistle (S. marianum L. Gaertn.) is cultivated as a medicinal plant but it can also be a troublesome weed (Khan et al., 2009) Milk thistle is an annual or biennial plant belongs to the family Asteraceae (Compositae), the plant is native to Mediterranean area and now has spread to other warm and dry regions (Li et al., 2012). Now silybum marianum is one of the most medicinal plants, the plant has many common names such as, bull thistle, heal thistle, holy thistle, lady's thistle, pig leaves, royal thistle, snake milk, so thistle, St.Mary's thistle, Venus thistle, Marian thistle, Mary thistle, mild thistle, milk ipecac, our lady's thistle (Corchete, 2008). Seed flour is a primary by-product from seed oil production and is often discarded as waste, this flour may contain many health beneficial components such as natural antioxidant and protein (Parry et al., 2008). Silymarin content of milk thistle seed ranged from 4 to 6% based on dry weight (Khalil,2008). Silymarin is the most commonly used herbal product for chronic liver disease (Freedman et al., 2011). Abd Raboh, (2012) revealed that the seed of milk thistle contained high amounts of protein (27.54%), ether extract (29.68%) and crude fiber (29.95%) on dry weight basis, also the seed had antioxidant properties due to its content of phenolics, flavonoids, saponins, silymarin and ascorbic acid. Chicory (Cichorium i...

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“…Besides, other species are much more sensitive to the lack of water in the soil, e.g. Campsis radicans seed germination is deeply inhibited at an osmotic potential of -0.2 MPa (Chachalis and Reddy, 2000) and S. marianum seed germination is very low at -0.6 MPa (Montemurro et al, 2007). In summary, germination would be high during the rainy seasons, which commonly correspond to fall and spring in Buenos Aires province (Paoloni, 2010); but common teasel seeds can still germinate under low soil water content.…”

Section: Effect Of Osmotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING SEED GERMINATION OF COMMON TEASEL (Dipsacus fullonum)

Daddario¹,

Bentivegna²,

Tucat³

et al. 2017

Planta daninha

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-Common teasel is a widespread, invasive species that has been introduced in Buenos Aires province, Argentina, where it alters the species composition of protected areas and native grasslands. A better understanding of seed germination behavior is essential for predicting its invasion potential in new areas and would be useful for developing effective management strategies. This research, conducted under laboratory conditions, evaluated the influence of several environmental factors such as pH, constant temperature, osmotic stress, salt stress and dry storage, on germination and rate of germination of common teasel seed. Between-year variation in germination responses was also examined. Seed germination was not affected by different pH levels. Although common teasel seeds germinated over a range of temperatures from 6 to 36 o C, the optimum temperature was 22 o C. Common teasel seed germination showed moderate tolerance to osmotic stress and a relatively high tolerance to salt stress. No seed germination was observed at -1 MPa and 640 mM of osmotic potential and salt concentration, respectively. Seed germination remained high (> 90%) after all the dry storage treatments. Besides, the response of seeds to germination parameters showed between-year variation. It was shown that common teasel is able to germinate over a broad range of environmental conditions. This capacity would explain, at least partially, why this species is so widely distributed and its great potential to invade new areas. Palavras-chave: planta daninha invasora, armazenamento a seco, estresse osmótico, pH, concentração de sal, temperatura. Keywords

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Effects of Some Environmental Factors on Seed Germination and Spreading Potentials of Silybum marianum Gaertner

Cited by 23 publications

References 5 publications

Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle): Review on Its chemistry, morphology, ethno medical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities

Silybum marianum (Milk Thistle): Review on Its chemistry, morphology, ethno medical uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological activities

Chemical and Technological Studies on Some Medicinal Plants

ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS AFFECTING SEED GERMINATION OF COMMON TEASEL (Dipsacus fullonum)

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