Effects of Sphaeropsis Blight on Rhizosphere Soil Bacterial Community Structure and Soil Physicochemical Properties of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica in Zhanggutai, China

Abstract

Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica is an important tree species for ecological construction and environmental restoration owing to its rapid growth rate and excellent stress resistance. Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica sphaeropsis blight is a widespread disease caused by Sphaeropsis sapinea. This study was focused on non-infected (CK) and infected (SS) Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica plants in Zhanggutai area, Liaoning Province, China. Illumina high-throughput sequencing based on the templates of sequencing-by-synthesis working with reversible terminators is a widely used approach. In the present study, systematic differences in relationships among rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties, bacterial community structure, diverse bacterial genera, and alpha diversity indices between the two categories were evaluated. The current findings are as follows: (1) Shannon’s index of SS soil was significantly higher than CK, and it was significantly lower in May than July and September (p < 0.05). (2) Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) showed a difference in bacterial community structure during May (spring), July (summer), and September. (3) At the phylum level, no significant difference was found in the bacterial genera between CK and SS soil for three seasons; however, at the genus level, there were about 19 different bacterial genera. The correlation studies between 19 different bacterial genera and environmental factors and α-diversity indicated that bacterial genera of non-infected and infected Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica were distributed differently. The bacterial genera with CK were positively correlated with soil physicochemical properties, while a negative correlation was found for SS. In conclusion, the differences in nutrient and microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica are the main causes of shoot blight disease.

Seasonal changes in the abundance Fusarium proliferatium, microbial endophytes and nutrient levels in the roots of hybrid bamboo Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis

“…Taking disease, season, and their interaction as independent factors, the differences in root nutrient elements and root microbial community α diversity between healthy plants and diseased plants in different seasons were studied by the generalized linear model. All analyses were conducted by SPSS 22 (IBM Corporation, NY, United States) and GraphPad Prism v8.0.2 ( Halifu et al., 2019 ). A principal component analysis (PCA) based on a standardized method was used to analyze the nutrient elements of roots.…”

Promoting the Growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Seedlings and Improving Rhizosphere Fungal Community Structure through Interaction between Trichoderma and Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

“…Soil Properties Analysis was used to determine soil pH (1:2.5 w/v) [28] . Organic matter (OM) was measured using the potassium dichromate oxidation heating method [29] . Total nitrogen (TN) was determined using the Kjeldahl method, potassium chloride (KCl) extraction (BRAN+LUEBBE-AA3, Germany) for NH 4 + and NO 3 − [29] .…”

“…Organic matter (OM) was measured using the potassium dichromate oxidation heating method [29] . Total nitrogen (TN) was determined using the Kjeldahl method, potassium chloride (KCl) extraction (BRAN+LUEBBE-AA3, Germany) for NH 4 + and NO 3 − [29] . total phosphorus (TP) was determined using Mo-Sb colorimetry [29] , available phosphorus (AP) was determined using the antimony bismuth anti-colorimetric method with double acid leaching, rapidly available potassium (AK) was measured using an NH 4 OAc leaching flame photometer [29] , and total potassium (TK) was determined using aflame photometer [29] .…”

Long‐term vegetation restoration increases carbon sequestration of different soil particles in a semi‐arid desert

“…In desert regions, P. sylvestris var. mongolica forest could provide favorable conditions for the growth of shrubs and herbs, accumulation of litter, and the activities of soil microorganisms (Halifu et al 2019, Dou et al 2020. Soil microorganisms are of great importance for the formation and evolution of soil fertility, the availability of soil nutrients, and maintaining good relationship between vegetation and soils (Jangid et al 2008).…”