Effects of Subchronic Exposure to Aluminium in Acidic Water on Bioenergetics of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Brodeur, Jean‐Marc; Økland, Finn; Finstad, Bengt; Dixon, D. George; McKinley, R. S.

doi:10.1006/eesa.2001.2054

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Data are expressed as mean±SEM of ten different animals per group (n=10), considering P<0.05 as significant results evaluating zebrafish behavior after AlCl 3 exposure are in accordance with those of Allin and Wilson (1999), who observed reduced swimming activity in juvenile rainbow trout when exposed to aluminum in acidic water. However, Brodeur et al (2001), using Atlantic salmon, observed a contradictory result, reporting that the animals presented increased swimming activity when exposed to acidic water and aluminum. These contrasting findings indicate that fish can react differently to sublethal levels of aluminum in acidic waters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Studies have reported that exposure to aluminum chloride at low pH values results in more severe physiological consequences in fish when compared to circumneutral exposure. Brodeur et al (2001) have shown that Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) exposed for 36 days to acidified water (pH 5.2) containing 50 μg/ L AlCl 3 present altered bioenergetics when compared to circumneutral aluminum-exposed fish. Furthermore, Monette and McCormick (2008) demonstrated that gill ionoregulatory responses of the same fish species were more prominent with a 6-day exposure time with 43-68 μg/L of aluminum at acid pH.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many factors might be responsible for these differences, such as the relative level of toxicity of the acidic water or speciesspecific variations. Nevertheless, the possibility of such alterations in fish behavior is important because it can limit fish survival in the wild (Brodeur et al 2001), where reduced swimming activity can affect the ability of the fish to forage, avoid predation, migrate, and successfully reproduce (Allin and Wilson 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control groups were maintained in the 5-L test aquarium water at pH 6.8 or acidified with HCl to reach pH 5.8. The treated fish were maintained in the 5-L test aquarium containing 50 μg/L AlCl 3 at pH 5.8 or pH 6.8 for 24 h (acute treatment) or 96 h (subchronic treatment) because there is evidence that soft water acidification associated with aluminum induces changes in swimming activity, higher sensitivity to stress, and the decline in the Atlantic salmon population (Brodeur et al 2001;Monette and McCormick 2008). For this reason, we evaluated the effect of aluminum on circumneutral pH=6.8 and acid pH=5.8.…”

Section: In Vivo Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aluminum exposure alters behavioral parameters and increases acetylcholinesterase activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain

et al. 2011

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Aluminum is a metal that is known to impact fish species. The zebrafish has been used as an attractive model for toxicology and behavioral studies, being considered a model to study environmental exposures and human pathologies. In the present study, we have investigated the effect of aluminum exposure on brain acetylcholinesterase activity and behavioral parameters in zebrafish. In vivo exposure of zebrafish to 50 μg/L AlCl(3) for 96 h at pH 5.8 significantly increased (36%) acetylthiocholine hydrolysis in zebrafish brain. There were no changes in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity when fish were exposed to the same concentration of AlCl(3) at pH 6.8. In vitro concentrations of AlCl(3) varying from 50 to 250 μM increased AChE activity (28% to 33%, respectively). Moreover, we observed that animals exposed to AlCl(3) at pH 5.8 presented a significant decrease in locomotor activity, as evaluated by the number of line crossings (25%), distance traveled (14.1%), and maximum speed (24%) besides an increase in the absolute turn angle (12.7%). These results indicate that sublethal levels of aluminum might modify behavioral parameters and acetylcholinesterase activity in zebrafish brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Vivo Treatmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aluminum exposure alters behavioral parameters and increases acetylcholinesterase activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain

et al. 2011

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“…Pollution also has the potential to alter energy balances from those achieved at unperturbed habitats (Hall 1967). By imposing additional respiratory costs associated with metabolising toxic substances (Willette 1993), lowering voluntary consumption rates (Carls et al 1996), reducing the quantity or quality of invertebrate prey available (Hynes 1960), or increasing susceptibility to pathogens (Arkoosh et al 1998), pollution may reduce surplus energy available to individual salmonines (Willette 1993;Brodeur et al 2001). Such reductions in surplus energy caused by pollution should be detectable by using bioenergetics models (Beyers & Rice 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and bioenergetic responses of juvenile Atlantic salmon along a perturbation gradient in a natural stream

Coghlan

Ringler

2005

Ecology of Freshwater Fish

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Un resumen en españ ol se incluye detrás del texto principal de este artículo.Abstract -We tested the effects of a pollution gradient on the survival and energetic responses of Atlantic salmon fry stocked in Onondaga Creek, a historic but highly polluted nursery stream. A relatively unperturbed reference stream provided similar physical and thermal gradients that co-varied longitudinally with the pollution gradient in Onondaga Creek, and macroinvertebrate communities provided indices of water quality degradation. Survival, cohort biomass, instantaneous growth rate and growth index of Atlantic salmon were inverse functions of water quality in the perturbed stream. Generally, survival and energetic parameters of Atlantic salmon responded differently to longitudinal gradients in the two streams, indicating that water quality, rather than habitat variation, exerted the strongest control over salmon. Effects were more pronounced during the early summer, possibly because tolerance to such perturbations increases with age or body size. Energetics-related parameters were more sensitive to water quality than were survival-related parameters, indicating that sub-lethal effects of pollution may be detected and quantified by examining energy balances of individuals.

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Assessment of activity and heart rate as indicators for acute stress in Atlantic salmon

Bloecher,

Hedger,

Finstad

et al. 2024

Aquacult Int

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The aim of this study was to assess whether activity and heart rate sensor implants can be used to measure stress and thus estimate one important welfare indicator for fish in aquaculture pens, and if such measurements correlate to physiological factors measured through blood sampling. The experiment consisted of two parts: i) a bio-logger study where implanted sensors were used to monitor activity and heart rates for fish undergoing stress (crowding); and ii) an analysis of blood constituents (cortisol, glucose, lactate, and chloride) of a second group of fish undergoing the same treatment. We found that activity measurements can be used to track high-impact stress events but may not be suitable to discern possibly nuanced reactions to stress impacts of lower magnitude. While heart rate was measured reliably, e.g., in showing clear circadian rhythms, it was no credible proxy for predicting stress in this study. Our results thus underline challenges observed in previous work around the use of heart rate as stress indicator, and imply that the translation of its meaning into a proxy for stress needs further work. Although tag-based monitoring of stress is not without its difficulties, studies such as this provide a wealth of information on salmon behaviour and physiology, and the links between these.

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Effects of Subchronic Exposure to Aluminium in Acidic Water on Bioenergetics of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

Cited by 31 publications

References 36 publications

Aluminum exposure alters behavioral parameters and increases acetylcholinesterase activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain

Aluminum exposure alters behavioral parameters and increases acetylcholinesterase activity in zebrafish (Danio rerio) brain

Survival and bioenergetic responses of juvenile Atlantic salmon along a perturbation gradient in a natural stream

Assessment of activity and heart rate as indicators for acute stress in Atlantic salmon

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