Effects of sucrose drinks on macronutrient intake, body weight, and mood state in overweight women over 4 weeks

Reid, Marie; Hammersley, Richard; Duffy, Maresa

doi:10.1016/j.appet.2010.05.001

Cited by 62 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Fifteen RCTs (20–24, 30, 32, 33, 39–45) and 9 prospective cohorts were ultimately eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis ( Figure 1 ) . Primary characteristics of the 15 included RCTs are provided in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies , ,

Miller¹,

Pérez²

2014

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

266

194

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Background: Replacement of caloric sweeteners with lower- or no-calorie alternatives may facilitate weight loss or weight maintenance by helping to reduce energy intake; however, past research examining low-calorie sweeteners (LCSs) and body weight has produced mixed results.Objective: The objective was to systematically review and quantitatively evaluate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and prospective cohort studies, separately, that examined the relation between LCSs and body weight and composition.Design: A systematic literature search identified 15 RCTs and 9 prospective cohort studies that examined LCSs from foods or beverages or LCSs consumed as tabletop sweeteners. Meta-analyses generated weighted mean differences in body weight and composition values between the LCS and control groups among RCTs and weighted mean correlations for LCS intake and these parameters among prospective cohort studies.Results: In RCTs, LCSs modestly but significantly reduced all outcomes examined, including body weight (−0.80 kg; 95% CI: −1.17, −0.43), body mass index [BMI (in kg/m2): −0.24; 95% CI: −0.41, −0.07], fat mass (−1.10 kg; 95% CI: −1.77, −0.44), and waist circumference (−0.83 cm; 95% CI: −1.29, −0.37). Among prospective cohort studies, LCS intake was not associated with body weight or fat mass, but was significantly associated with slightly higher BMI (0.03; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.06).Conclusions: The current meta-analysis provides a rigorous evaluation of the scientific evidence on LCSs and body weight and composition. Findings from observational studies showed no association between LCS intake and body weight or fat mass and a small positive association with BMI; however, data from RCTs, which provide the highest quality of evidence for examining the potentially causal effects of LCS intake, indicate that substituting LCS options for their regular-calorie versions results in a modest weight loss and may be a useful dietary tool to improve compliance with weight loss or weight maintenance plans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies , ,

Miller¹,

Pérez²

2014

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

266

194

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“…37 Exclusion of this study from the meta-analysis increased the overall effect size slightly (0.83 kg, 95% confidence interval 0.31 to 1. 35).…”

Section: Effects Of Increasing Dietary Sugars On Measures Of Body Fatmentioning

confidence: 93%

Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies

Morenga

Mallard

Mann

2012

BMJ

1,285

958

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Objective To summarise evidence on the association between intake of dietary sugars and body weight in adults and children.Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials and prospective cohort studies.Data sources OVID Medline, Embase, PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Scopus, and Web of Science (up to December 2011).Review methods Eligible studies reported the intake of total sugars, intake of a component of total sugars, or intake of sugar containing foods or beverages; and at least one measure of body fatness. Minimum duration was two weeks for trials and one year for cohort studies. Trials of weight loss or confounded by additional medical or lifestyle interventions were excluded. Study selection, assessment, validity, data extraction, and analysis were undertaken as specified by the Cochrane Collaboration and the GRADE working group. For trials, we pooled data for weight change using inverse variance models with random effects. We pooled cohort study data where possible to estimate effect sizes, expressed as odds ratios for risk of obesity or β coefficients for change in adiposity per unit of intake.Results 30 of 7895 trials and 38 of 9445 cohort studies were eligible. In trials of adults with ad libitum diets (that is, with no strict control of food intake), reduced intake of dietary sugars was associated with a decrease in body weight (0.80 kg, 95% confidence interval 0.39 to 1.21; P<0.001); increased sugars intake was associated with a comparable weight increase (0.75 kg, 0.30 to 1.19; P=0.001). Isoenergetic exchange of dietary sugars with other carbohydrates showed no change in body weight (0.04 kg, −0.04 to 0.13). Trials in children, which involved recommendations to reduce intake of sugar sweetened foods and beverages, had low participant compliance to dietary advice; these trials showed no overall change in body weight. However, in relation to intakes of sugar sweetened beverages after one year follow-up in prospective studies, the odds ratio for being overweight or obese increased was 1.55 (1.32 to 1.82) among groups with the highest intake compared with those with the lowest intake. Despite significant heterogeneity in one meta-analysis and potential bias in some trials, sensitivity analyses showed that the trends were consistent and associations remained after these studies were excluded.Conclusions Among free living people involving ad libitum diets, intake of free sugars or sugar sweetened beverages is a determinant of body weight. The change in body fatness that occurs with modifying intakes seems to be mediated via changes in energy intakes, since isoenergetic exchange of sugars with other carbohydrates was not associated with weight change.

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“…A 4-week trial, providing either diet soft drinks (sweetened with aspartame) or regular calorie soft drinks resulted in similar total energy intake in healthy-weight adults of both sexes, 19 and in overweight women, as well. 20 Similarly, the results of a 25-week study conducted in adolescents suggested that normalweight youth compensated for the energy reduction when consuming diet beverages. However, as evidence of the complexity of this issue, the same study reported that the use of NNS beverages did result in a net energy deficit in those adolescents in the highest body mass index (BMI) tertiles (a conclusion that should be tempered by awareness that the intervention group was counseled to replace sugar-sweetened beverages with diet beverages and/or water, making it difficult to differentiate the effects of NNS versus water).…”

Section: Energy Intake Compensationmentioning

confidence: 96%

Nonnutritive Sweeteners: Current Use and Health Perspectives

Gardner¹,

Wylie‐Rosett²,

Gidding³

et al. 2012

Circulation

192

121

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Effects of sucrose drinks on macronutrient intake, body weight, and mood state in overweight women over 4 weeks

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies , ,

Low-calorie sweeteners and body weight and composition: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and prospective cohort studies , ,

Dietary sugars and body weight: systematic review and meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials and cohort studies

Nonnutritive Sweeteners: Current Use and Health Perspectives

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