Effects of Sugar, Salt and Distilled Water on White Blood
Cells and Platelet Cells

Janjua, Hafeez Ullah; Akhtar, Munir; Hussain, Fayyaz

doi:10.17554/j.issn.1819-6187.2016.04.73

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Except for the various effectors of the coagulation system, platelets can be stimulated and the aggregation process can be activated by some molecules that are classically considered irrelevant to it. Accumulated sodium (Na + , hypernatremia), an important contributor to the osmotic pressure of the blood, has been shown to affect platelet reactivity mainly due to increased secretion of epinephrine [2]. High salt concentrations have been shown to induce secretion of von Willebrand factor from endothelial cells and lead to hypercoagulability [3, 4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Investigation of Platelet Dysfunction Induced by Osmotic Pressure Variations

Pantazi,

Stratou,

Dounousi

et al. 2023

Med Princ Pract

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Background: Severe variations in osmotic pressure are significant contributors to critical patient morbidity and mortality and might also affect platelet volume. We aimed to investigate possible osmotic-induced changes in mean platelet volume (MPV) and their possible effects on platelet aggregation activity (PLAG). Methods: We induced experimental variations of serum osmolality in blood samples from healthy volunteers (heparinized whole blood [WB]) and isolated platelets (platelet-rich plasma [PRP]) by adding isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic solutions of saline/water (pH = 7.2–7.4). PLAG was tested in WB samples with impedance aggregometry (IA) and in PRP samples with light transmission aggregometry (LTA) using three agonists: adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 10 μ<sc>m</sc>), thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP-6, 10 μ<sc>m</sc>), and arachidonic acid (500 μ<sc>m</sc>). Osmolality was either calculated using a formula or measured directly. Results: We found almost identical osmolalities in WB and PRP preparations. Osmotic stress did not produce significant changes in MPV. In IA testing, the hypotonic challenge of WB preparations produced significant reductions at 50% (p = 0.056) (95% CI: 11.2–2.4, in Ohms) of ADP and at 31% (p = 0.017) (95% CI: 13.4–8.6, in Ohms) of TRAP-6-induced PLAG, respectively. In PRP, we did not observe any variations in PLAG with LTA. Conclusions: We conclude that in vitro hypotonic stress of WB samples has an inhibitory effect on the PAR-1 (TRAP-6-induced) pathway and on the P2Y12 (ADP-induced) pathway and reflects a distinct in vivo effect of hypoosmotic stress on WB human platelet preparations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Investigation of Platelet Dysfunction Induced by Osmotic Pressure Variations

Pantazi,

Stratou,

Dounousi

et al. 2023

Med Princ Pract

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“…It is composed of 45% of blood cells and 55% plasma. In living animals, like the human body, blood transport salts, minerals, oxygen, carbon dioxide and ingredients of foods to all parts of the body (JANJUA et al, 2016). A disease in which cells violates normal rules of cell division and continue an uncontrolled growth is called cancer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vitamin C and glucose have the same chemical structure (AFKHAMI-ARDEKANI; SHOJAODDINY-ARDEKANI, 2007) so when we eat sugar it directly fills the place of vitamin C in white blood cell and as a result, the active quantity of vitamin C in white blood cell decreases. As sugar is empty calories so it does not help the white blood cells to destroy pathogens (JANJUA et al, 2016). High consumption of sugar suppresses the immune system causes to decrease the phagocytic capacity of neutrophils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dysfunction of kidneys, drugs, and excess of water intake causes hyponatremia. In cancer, hyponatremia is more dangerous than hypernatremia (JANJUA et al, 2016). Tumor cells have a higher concentration of sodium inside them than a healthy one.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different techniques and instruments have been used to observe the effects of two analytes (glucose and Table salt) on blood cells including photoacoustic spectroscopy, mid-infrared spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography, microscopy, computed tomography, optical diffuse reflectance, and light polarimetry etc (JANJUA et al, 2016). The objective of this work was to measure the effects of glucose and salt level on white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets (PLTs) in the blood of a leukemic patient by using a white light microscope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rouleaux formation of white blood cells and platelets in leukemia

Ullah¹,

Naeem²,

Akhtar³

et al. 2018

Biosci. J.

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ABSTRACT:The objective of this study was to measure the effects of glucose and salt level on white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets (PLTs) in the blood of a leukemic patient by using a white light microscope. Different concentrations of glucose and salt in the range of 0 mM to 500 mM were admixed in the blood sample to prepare blood smear. We revealed that shape of erythrocytes, leukocytes and platelets changes and form aggregates. Increasing concentrations of glucose cause to increases aggregation process of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. And the increasing concentration of sodium chloride causes to increase rouleaux formation and aggregation of platelets but dehydration due to increased sodium chloride concentration causes to break the aggregation of white blood cells.Comparison of CBC reports of these samples with and without analytes shows that total leukocyte count (TLC) decreases gradually towards normal ranges of leukocytes which is favorable in the treatment of leukemia but at the same time decreasing level of hemoglobin HGB, mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and increasing level of red blood cell (RBCs) causes to reduce oxygen supply which is in favor of cancer growth and anemia. This work provides us the base for translation this in vitro study towards the in vivo case of blood microvasculature as a non-invasive methodology.

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Simulation of Blood as Fluid: A Review From Rheological Aspects

Kannojiya

Das

2021

IEEE Rev. Biomed. Eng.

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Effects of Sugar, Salt and Distilled Water on White Blood Cells and Platelet Cells

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

In vitro Investigation of Platelet Dysfunction Induced by Osmotic Pressure Variations

In vitro Investigation of Platelet Dysfunction Induced by Osmotic Pressure Variations

Rouleaux formation of white blood cells and platelets in leukemia

Simulation of Blood as Fluid: A Review From Rheological Aspects

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