Effects of Taurine on Oxidative Stress Parameters and Chromium Levels Altered by Acute Hexavalent Chromium Exposure in Mice Kidney Tissue

Abstract

The kidney has been regarded as a critical organ of toxicity induced by acute exposure to hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds. Reactive intermediates and free radicals generated during reduction process might be responsible for Cr(VI) toxicity. In this study, the effects of pretreatment or posttreatment of taurine on Cr(VI)-induced oxidative stress and chromium accumulation in kidney tissue of Swiss albino mice were investigated. Single intraperitoneal (ip) potassium dichromate treatment (20 mgCr/kg), as Cr(VI) compound, significantly elevated the level of lipid peroxidation as compared with the control group (p<0.05). This was accompanied by significant decreases in nonprotein sulfhydryls (NPSH) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities as well as a significant chromium accumulation (p<0.05). Taurine administration (1 g/kg, ip) before or after Cr(VI) exposure resulted in reduction of lipid peroxidation levels and improvement in SOD enzyme activity (p<0.05). On the other hand, administration of the antioxidant before Cr(VI) exposure restored the NPSH level and CAT enzyme activity and also reduced tissue chromium levels (p<0.05), whereas posttreatment had only slight effects on these parameters. In view of the results, taurine seems to exert some beneficial effects against Cr(VI)-induced oxidative stress and chromium accumulation in mice kidney tissue.

An evaluation of the protective role of α-tocopherol on free radical induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity due to chromium in rats

“…Previous studies have shown that dichromate exposure increases the concentration of ROS,[17] and provokes oxidative damage in hepatocytes[18] and kidney. [19]…”

Effect of chromium (VI) exposure on antioxidant defense status and trace element homeostasis in acute experiment in rat

“…In studies of Fatima and Mahmood (2007) and Parveen et al(2009), a single ip dose of 15 mg K 2 Cr 2 O 7 /kg was administered to evaluate renal oxidative damage in rats at 48 h after injection. Boşgelmez et al (2008) and Boşgelmez and Güvendik (2004) used an ip injection of 20 mg Cr/kg bw (56 mg K 2 Cr 2 O 7 /kg) to evaluate the protective effect of taurin on oxidative stress parameters in kidney and liver of mice at 12 h after the administration. A single oral dose of up to 127 mg K 2 Cr 2 O 7 /kg was administered to evaluate the parameters of acute oxidative stress in mice or rat tissues (Anand 2005(Anand a, 2005bArivarasu et al,2008;Bagchi et al, 2002;Wang et al, 2006).…”

Cytochrome c Upregulation during Capacitation and Spontaneous Acrosome Reaction Determines the Fate of Pig Sperm Cells: Linking Proteome Analysis

“…Although the mechanisms by which Cr (VI) induces toxicity are still unclear, several reports have suggested that oxidative stress may be a possible pathway [12,14]. As part of an investigation into the mechanism of capacitation responses in pig sperm cells, we performed a detailed examination of alternations in protein levels in sperm cells incubated in a capacitation medium.…”