Effects of the granularity of raw materials on the hydration and hardening process of calcium phosphate cement

Liu, Changsheng; Shao, Huifang; Chen, Feiyue; Zheng, Hongming

doi:10.1016/s0142-9612(03)00238-2

Cited by 87 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is important because too early formation of CDHA might engulf un-reacted DCPA, which slows down DCPA dissolution and thus the setting kinetics becomes slower, while the presence of sodium orthophosphates prevents DCPA particles from being isolated [211]. Particle size [191,212,213], temperature of the liquid phase and initial presence of HA as a seed in the solid phase are other factors that influence the setting time [14,15,37,207,208]; however, in vitro studies demonstrated that these parameters did not affect significantly [106]. On the other hand, a reduction in particle size was found to result in a significant decrease in both initial and final setting times [191,212,213], an acceleration of the hardening rate [191] and hydration kinetics of the hardening cement [213].…”

Section: Apatite Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle size [191,212,213], temperature of the liquid phase and initial presence of HA as a seed in the solid phase are other factors that influence the setting time [14,15,37,207,208]; however, in vitro studies demonstrated that these parameters did not affect significantly [106]. On the other hand, a reduction in particle size was found to result in a significant decrease in both initial and final setting times [191,212,213], an acceleration of the hardening rate [191] and hydration kinetics of the hardening cement [213]. Besides, the crystallite sizes of the final product can be strongly reduced by increasing the specific surface of the starting powder, which allows developing calcium orthophosphate cements with tailored structures at the micro and nano-scale levels [191].…”

Section: Apatite Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Dorozhkin¹

2012

IJMC

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In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are a bioactive and biodegradable grafting material in the form of a powder and a liquid. Both phases after mixing form a viscous paste that after being implanted sets and hardens within the body as either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA) or brushite, sometimes blended with un-reacted particles and other phases. As both CDHA and brushite are remarkably biocompartible and bioresorbable (therefore, in vivo they can be replaced with a newly forming bone), self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements represent a good correction technique of non-weight-bearing bone fractures or defects and appear to be very promising materials for bone grafting applications. Besides, these cements possess an excellent osteoconductivity, molding capabilities, and easy manipulation. Nearly perfect adaptation to the tissue surfaces in bone defects and a gradual bioresorption followed by new bone formation are additional distinctive advantages of calcium orthophosphate cements. Besides, reinforced formulations are available; those are described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. Furthermore, formulations with high viscosity, such as pastes and putties are also known. The discovery of self-setting formulations has opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates; several commercial compositions have already been introduced as a result. Many more formulations are in experimental stages. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent biomaterials suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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Section: Apatite Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Apatite Cementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Dorozhkin¹

2012

IJMC

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“…This is important because too early formation of CDHA might engulf un-reacted DCPA, which slows down DCPA dissolution and thus the setting kinetics becomes slower, while the presence of sodium orthophosphates prevents DCPA particles from being isolated [239]. Particle size [218,240,241], temperature and initial presence of HA powders as seeds in the solid phase are other factors that influence the setting time [13,14,53,235,236]; however, in vitro studies demonstrated that these parameters did not affect significantly [130]. On the other hand, particle size reduction was found to result in a significant decrease in both initial and final setting times [218,240,241], an acceleration of the hardening rate [218] and hydration kinetics of the hardening formulation [241].…”

Section: Apatite-forming Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particle size [218,240,241], temperature and initial presence of HA powders as seeds in the solid phase are other factors that influence the setting time [13,14,53,235,236]; however, in vitro studies demonstrated that these parameters did not affect significantly [130]. On the other hand, particle size reduction was found to result in a significant decrease in both initial and final setting times [218,240,241], an acceleration of the hardening rate [218] and hydration kinetics of the hardening formulation [241]. In general, smaller crystals or particles result in a higher supersaturation degrees achieved in the self-setting pastes, which favors crystal nucleation and results in the precipitation of greater many and smaller needle-like crystals, instead of the larger plate-like crystals formed when bigger particles are used ( Figure 5) [219].…”

Section: Apatite-forming Formulationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Dorozhkin¹

2012

Calcium Orthophosphates

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Abstract:In early 1980s, researchers discovered self-setting calcium orthophosphate cements, which are bioactive and biodegradable grafting bioceramics in the form of a powder and a liquid. After mixing, both phases form pastes, which set and harden forming either a non-stoichiometric calcium deficient hydroxyapatite or brushite. Since both of them are remarkably biocompartible, bioresorbable and osteoconductive, self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations appear to be promising bioceramics for bone grafting. Furthermore, such formulations possess excellent molding capabilities, easy manipulation and nearly perfect adaptation to the complex shapes of bone defects, followed by gradual bioresorption and new bone formation. In addition, reinforced formulations have been introduced, which might be described as calcium orthophosphate concretes. The discovery of self-setting properties opened up a new era in the medical application of calcium orthophosphates and many commercial trademarks have been introduced as a result. Currently such formulations are widely used as synthetic bone grafts, with several advantages, such as pourability and injectability. Moreover, their low-temperature setting reactions and intrinsic porosity allow loading by drugs, biomolecules and even cells for tissue engineering purposes. In this review, an insight into the self-setting calcium orthophosphate formulations, as excellent bioceramics suitable for both dental and bone grafting applications, has been provided.

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“…1 A typical CPC composed of the mixed powder of tetracalcium phosphate (TECP) [Ca 4 (PO 4 ) 2 O] and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) (CaHPO 4 ) was first reported by Brown and Chow. 2 This CPC powder could be mixed with aqueous liquid to form a paste that could set in situ and form apatite as a final product.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wollastonite nanofiber–doped self-setting calcium phosphate bioactive cement for bone tissue regeneration

Guo¹,

Wei²,

Song³

et al. 2012

IJN

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to synthesize a self-setting bioactive cement by incorporation of wollastonite nanofibers (WNFs) into calcium phosphate cement (CPC). The composition, morphology, setting time, compressive strength, hydrophilicity, and degradation of WNF-doped CPC (wnf-CPC) were investigated. Scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy were utilized. Additionally, methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium bromide assay, scanning electron microscopy, inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, and histological evaluation were used to study the cell and tissue responses to wnf-CPC, both in vitro and in vivo. The results confirmed that the addition of WNFs into CPC had no obvious effect on the setting time or the compressive strength of wnf-CPC, provided the WNF amount was not more than 10 wt%. However, the hydrophilicity and degradability of wnf-CPC were significantly improved by the addition of WNFs -this was because of the change of microstructure caused by the WNFs. The preferred dissolution of WNFs caused the formation of microporosity in wnf-CPC when soaked in tris hydrochloride solution. The microporosity enlarged the surface area of the wnf-CPC and so promoted degradation of the wnf-CPC when in contact with liquid. In addition, MG-63 cell attachment and proliferation on the wnf-CPC were superior to that on the CPC, indicating that incorporation of WNFs into CPC improved the biological properties for wnf-CPC. Following the implantation of wnf-CPC into bone defects of rabbits, histological evaluation showed that wnf-CPC enhanced the efficiency of new bone formation in comparison with CPC, indicating excellent biocompatibility and osteogenesis of wnf-CPC. In conclusion, wnf-CPC exhibited promising prospects in bone regeneration.

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Effects of the granularity of raw materials on the hydration and hardening process of calcium phosphate cement

Cited by 87 publications

References 20 publications

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Wollastonite nanofiber–doped self-setting calcium phosphate bioactive cement for bone tissue regeneration

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Effects of the granularity of raw materials on the hydration and hardening process of calcium phosphate cement

Cited by 87 publications

References 20 publications

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations

Wollastonite nanofiber&ndash;doped self-setting calcium phosphate bioactive cement for bone tissue regeneration

Contact Info

Product

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About

Wollastonite nanofiber–doped self-setting calcium phosphate bioactive cement for bone tissue regeneration