Effects of Ti ions and particles on neutrophil function and morphology

Investigation of the mechanical and chemical characteristics of nanotubular and nano-pitted anodic films on grade 2 titanium dental implant materials

“…The tendency for intense corrosion could be a risk factor of corrosion fatigue as well as attraction of pro-inflammatory cells [ 24 ] or of prolonged inflammatory reactions induced by production of reactive oxygen species [25] caused by the released titanium ions. Further, the exfoliation of the anodic film would interfere with the biological performance due to particle-based activation of immune cells such as neutrophils [26]. This supports the findings of other authors who demonstrated that nanophase topographies might significantly influence the biological property of the various titanium-oxide films, such as the response of bacteria [27].…”

Wear and Corrosion Interactions on Titanium in Oral Environment: Literature Review

“…Additionally, some studies revealed a highly significant relationship between the amount of peri-implant inflammation and the magnitude of alveolar bone loss surrounding implants [110,111] that can be faster than that surrounding natural tooth due to the absence of inflammatory cellular response provided from periodontal ligament [41]. The presence of metallic ions and particles in human tissues induces the activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and T-lymphocytes with elevation of cytokines and metallic proteinases that can promote bone resorption [115][116][117]. Coalescence of particles of all classes (including titanium particles) originating from prostheses was often seen in the vesicles of macrophage cytoplasm in the liver (0.1-10 lm in diameter), spleen, and para-aortic lymph nodes [117][118][119][120].…”

“…The presence of metallic ions and particles in human tissues induces the activation of macrophages, neutrophils, and T-lymphocytes with elevation of cytokines and metallic proteinases that can promote bone resorption [115][116][117]. Coalescence of particles of all classes (including titanium particles) originating from prostheses was often seen in the vesicles of macrophage cytoplasm in the liver (0.1-10 lm in diameter), spleen, and para-aortic lymph nodes [117][118][119][120]. In the lymph nodes, titanium particles ranged from 0.1 lm up to 50 lm, while in the liver and spleen the particles ranged from 10 lm [119].…”

The potential health risk of titania nanoparticles

“…Exposure to NPs was reported to induce greater inflammation than exposure to larger particles with identical chemical composition and mass concentration [30,[111][112][113][114][115]. ROS-mediated membrane breakdown and metabolic pathway alterations induced by TNPs were size-dependent [94].…”