Effects of training against elastic resistance on jab punch performance in elite junior athletes

Abstract

Ability to perform rapid open-kinetic chain movements (e.g. kicking, throwing, hitting, or punching) is an important prerequisite for success in various sports. The aims of the present study were (1) to investigate the effect of elastic resistance training (ERT) on the performance of jab punch, (2) to explore the associated changes in movement kinematic and kinetic patterns, and (3) to assess possible differences among competitors of different specializations. The national level junior competitors in kick boxing, savate, and boxing practiced jab punch against elastic resistance for 15 minutes per day, 3 times a week for 6 weeks, while the control group participated only in their regular training (N=10+10+10+10; age 17.2±1.0 years; M±SD). The results revealed a marked increase in the maximum jab punch velocity in all experimental groups (6-11%; all p<.01), but not in the control group (p>.05). This finding was associated with an increase in both the maximum velocity and displacement of the ipsilateral elbow, shoulder, and, particularly, hip joint, while no change in the movement time was observed. The ERT-associated increase was also revealed in the agonist (7-11%, all p<.01), but not antagonist muscle strength. Therefore, we conclude that addition of a relatively small amount of ERT could be recommended for the purpose of improving punching performance and, possibly, other rapid limb movement even in top-level junior athletes. The observed performance improvement could be partly based on increased motion amplitudes particularly regarding the pelvis movement, as well as on increased strength of agonist muscles

An analysis of the three-dimensional kinetics and kinematics of maximal effort punches among amateur boxers

“…This likely occurs as a consequence of the jab often being less reliant upon SSC characteristics at the shoulder joint and trunk in order to minimise its delivery time, and therefore enhance its likelihood of striking the opponent before they can defend/evade . It would appear that enhancing a boxer's ability to extend the punching arm as rapidly and forcibly as possible (elbow extension) may of the elbow extensors (via elastic resistance training) has been shown to improve peak jab velocity as much as 11% (P < 0.01) in competitive boxers, (Markovic, Suzovic, Kasum & Jaric, 2016). Therefore, it is recommended that boxers include resistance exercises in their training programme that increase the strength of the tricep brachii musculature (primary muscle group responsible for elbow extension) to improve elbow joint velocity, and subsequently, peak jab fist velocity.…”

“…As expected, the jab possessed the lowest delivery time, which would explain why it is the most frequently executed punch within competition (Davis et al, 2013;Davis et al, 2015;Davis et al, 2017;Thomson & Lamb, 2016). As a consequence, it can be employed in various ways; to judge and/or maintain the distance between opponents (limiting their counter-attacking opportunities), facilitate a positive impression among judges and create opportunities to land more forceful punches (such as the rear-hand cross or lead hook) Markovic, Suzovic, Kasum & Jaric, 2016), and provide an opponent with less time to defend/evade it, increasing its likelihood of landing cleanly (Piorkowski et al, 2011).…”

“…It would appear that enhancing a boxer's ability to extend the punching arm as rapidly and forcibly as possible (elbow extension) may increase peak jab fist velocity, and consequently, could improve competitive performance considering the jab to the head of an opponent is the most frequently executed punch within competitive bouts (Davis et al, 2015;Davis et al, 2017;Thomson & Lamb, 2016). Moreover, increasing the rate of force development (RFD) of the elbow extensors (via elastic resistance training) has been shown to improve peak jab velocity as much as 11% (P < 0.01) in competitive boxers, (Markovic, Suzovic, Kasum & Jaric, 2016). Therefore, it is recommended that boxers include resistance exercises in their training programme that increase the strength of the tricep brachii musculature (primary muscle group responsible for elbow extension) to improve elbow joint velocity, and subsequently, peak jab fist velocity.…”

Impacto do soco e do chute dos esportes de combate: uma revisão sistemática

“…Então, na segunda fase, 102 artigos ficaram no estudo depois das duplicadas serem removidas -um total de 50 artigos excluídos. Os outros artigos excluídos na segunda fase tiveram um impacto em N somente com o gráfico (Halperin, Chapman, Martin, Lewthwaite & Wulf, 2017;Markovic, Suzovic, Kasum & Jaric, 2016), alguns artigos de revisão, outros artigos sobre a biomecânica do ataque, estudo do nocaute, o impacto do ataque do robô (Lee & McGill, 2014) e outros temas sobre os esportes de combate que não foram foco da revisão sistemática -um total de 4051 artigos excluídos. Portanto, algumas duplicatas (50 artigos) e mais 4051 artigos deram um total de 4101 artigos excluídos -4203 artigos foram encontrados -4101 artigos excluídos = um total de 102 artigos permaneceram na revisão sistemática.…”

“…O soco com rotação do tronco com a mão de trás da guarda teve um alto impacto, isso ocorreu no soco direto do boxe masculino (Turner et al, 2011) (Buśko et al, 2016;Loturco et al, 2016), mas razão disso não foi encontrado na literatura (Buśko, 2019;Markovic et al, 2016).…”