Effects of Training Resumption on Conduit Arterial Diameter in Elite Rowers

Naylor, Louise H.; O’Driscoll, Gerry; Fitzsimons, Martin; Arnolda, Leonard F; Green, Daniel

doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000181220.03855.1c

Cited by 38 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Some studies have suggested that exercise training is associated with decreased conduit arterial wall thickness (WT) in men and women (2,17), and other studies in athletes have suggested that chronic exercise induces changes in lumen size (10,18). More recently, we reported that elite squash players possess larger racquet-arm brachial artery diameters compared with their nondominant ann, whereas no such difference was present in matched nonathletic control subjects (23).…”

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confidence: 73%

Conduit Diameter and Wall Remodeling in Elite Athletes and Spinal Cord Injury

Rowley

Dawson

Hopman

et al. 2012

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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mentioning

confidence: 73%

Conduit Diameter and Wall Remodeling in Elite Athletes and Spinal Cord Injury

Rowley

Dawson

Hopman

et al. 2012

Medicine &Amp; Science in Sports &Amp; Exercise

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“…That such remodelling could take place within the time frame of pregnancy is supported by the following findings. First, intermittent increases in shear stress by upper-body exercise training increase brachial artery diameter in healthy, untrained individuals [39] and athletes [40] within 3 months. Chronic increases in rat mesenteric artery blood flow cause outward remodelling to normalize shear stress within 1 week [41,42].…”

Section: Table 3 Effect Of Post-release Diameter Measurement Methods Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation is not affected by pregnancy or regular exercise participation

2011

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Whether brachial artery FMD (flow-mediated dilation) is altered in pregnancy by 28-35 weeks compared with non-pregnant women remains controversial. The controversy may be due to limitations of previous studies that include failing to: (i) test non-pregnant controls in the mid-late luteal phase, (ii) account for effects of pregnancy on the dilatory shear stimulus, (iii) account for physical activity or (iv) control for inter-individual variation in the time to peak FMD. In the present study, brachial artery FMD was measured in 17 active and eight sedentary pregnant women (34.1±1.6 weeks of gestation), and in 19 active and 11 sedentary non-pregnant women (mid-late luteal phase). Decreased vascular tone secondary to increased shear stress contributes minimally to pregnancy-induced increases in baseline brachial artery diameter, as shear stress removal during distal cuff inflation in pregnant women did not reduce diameter to baseline levels observed in non-pregnant controls. Neither the shear stimulus nor the percentage FMD was affected by pregnancy or regular exercise. Continuous diameter measurements are required to control for delayed peak dilation during pregnancy (57±15 compared with 46±15 s; P=0.012), as post-release diameter measured at 60 or 55-65 s post-release underestimated FMD to a greater extent in non-pregnant than in pregnant women.

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“…For example, athletes consistently exhibit enlargement in both resistance and conduit arteries and it was recently demonstrated that, even in those with preexisting arterial remodelling, resumption of intense training is associated with further structural adaptation [48 ]. That large artery remodelling may be shear stress-mediated, and endothelium and possibly nitric oxide-dependent, is supported by classic studies [49,50] and recent reviews [47,51].…”

Section: Arterial Structurementioning

confidence: 96%