Efficacy and Persistence of Steinernema carpocapsae (Rhabditida: Steinemematidae) Applied through a Center-Pivot Irrigation System Against Larval Com Rootworms (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

Restoring a maize root signal that attracts insect-killing nematodes to control a major pest

“…The 60% reduction in adult WCR emergence achieved by nematodes on plants transformed to release E␤C approaches the efficacy of synthetic pesticides that have been used to control this important pest (33,34) and is more environmentally friendly. Moreover, this considerable effect on the pest was accomplished with a much lower nematode dose than is commonly used (26,27,(35)(36)(37). It should be noted that the transformed lines are not of commercial value.…”

Adaptation and Invasiveness of Western Corn Rootworm: Intensifying Research on a Worsening Pest

“…as a management option in Europe (24 (122). The search for native European nematodes has revealed several species that could be used inundatively (117).…”

Comparative susceptibility of larval instars and pupae of the western corn rootworm to infection by three entomopathogenic nematodes

“…Thus, more efficient application methods are needed to maximize EPN field efficacy. One way to increase the efficacy of EPNs is to specifically apply them against the most susceptible developmental stage of the target insect (Wright et al 1993). This is complicated by the fact that multiple stages of WCR can occur simultaneously in the field (Toepfer and Kuhlmann 2006).…”