Efficacy of lead foil for reducing doses in the head and neck: a simulation study using digital intraoral systems

Abstract

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of lead foils in reducing the radiation dose received by different anatomical sites of the head and neck during periapical intraoral examinations performed with digital systems. Methods: Images were acquired through four different manners: phosphor plate (PSP; VistaScan ® system; Dürr Dental GmbH, Bissingen, Germany) alone, PSP plus lead foil, complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS; DIGORA ® Toto, Soredex ® , Tuusula, Finland) alone and CMOS plus lead foil. Radiation dose was measured after a full-mouth periapical series (14 radiographs) using the long-cone paralleling technique. Lithium fluoride (LiF 100) thermoluminescent dosemeters were placed in an anthropomorphic phantom at points corresponding to the tongue, thyroid, crystalline lenses, parotid glands and maxillary sinuses. Results: Dosemeter readings demonstrated the efficacy of the addition of lead foil in the intraoral digital X-ray systems provided in reducing organ doses in the selected structures, approximately 32% in the PSP system and 59% in the CMOS system. Conclusions: The use of lead foils associated with digital X-ray sensors is an effective alternative for the protection of different anatomical sites of the head and neck during fullmouth periapical series acquisition.

Clinical and x-ray oral evaluation in patients with congenital Zika Virus

“…Given that digital receivers are more sensitive to radiation, a lower dose of radiation should be used to reduce the risk of possible deleterious effects of radiation for patients. The ease of storage of the images and the ability to alter the brightness and contrast to improve the images and diagnosis are also important factors; 16 in this context, the device used was the Express digital imaging plate scanner (Express, Instrumentarium Dental Inc., Willwaukee, Wisconsin, USA). The exposure time for each x-ray outlet was 0.25 s. After image acquisition and processing, the Cliniview software was used for image interpretation and brightness and contrast adjustments as necessary.…”

Impact of Diagnostic Radiation on Thyroid and Gonads - A Structured Review.

“…use of thyroid shield is very critical specially during upper anterior radiography Nejaim Y et al (2015) (8) Sao Paulo, Brazil 14 radiographs with each x-ray machine using long cone paralleling techniques in an anthropomorphic phantom using of lead foil is effective in reduction of radiographic dose to thyroid and parotid glands.…”

“…They took 14 radiographs with each x-ray machine using long cone paralleling techniques in an anthropomorphic phantom and they found that there was 32% reduction in PSP and 95% in CMOS system and they conclude that using of lead foil is effective in reduction of radiographic dose to thyroid and parotid glands. (8) Han GS et al (2013) from China they study effect of thyroid collar for digital panoramic radiography. They used four models and all measurements were done using TLD (thermoluminescent dosemeter) in an anthropomorphic phantom.…”

Influence of acquisition parameters on the evaluation of mandibular third molars through cone beam computed tomography

“…Seven sets of 3 calibrated thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) (TLD-100 LiF:Mg, Ti, Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA) were positioned on the phantom at the anatomic regions corresponding to the eye lens (right and left), parotid glands (right and left), submandibular glands (right and left) and thyroid, resulting in a total of 21 TLDs. 13 A set of 3 TLDs was kept out of the examination room to measure the average background radiation that was to be subtracted from the doses derived from the study's protocols.…”