Efficacy of the Stem-Galling MothEpiblema strenuanaWalk. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) as a Biological Control Agent for Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

Navie, S. C.; Priest, Toni E.; McFadyen, Rachel; Adkins, Steve W.

doi:10.1006/bcon.1998.0638

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Recently, Khan et al tested a number of native and introduced pasture species and found that several of them suppressed parthenium weed growth in both glasshouse and field conditions. The study of Navie et al showed that the combined action of the stem‐galling moth ( Epiblema strenuana ) and buffel grass ( Cenchrus cillaris L.) could significantly compromise the vegetative and reproductive growth of the weed. More recently, Shabbir et al showed in a field study that biological control agents and suppressive plants can act together significantly to reduce the biomass and importantly reduce the seed production of parthenium weed.…”

Section: Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology, ecology and management of the invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

Adkins

Shabbir

2014

Pest Management Science

224

177

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Parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.) is one of the most aggressive invasive weeds, threatening natural ecosystems and agroecosystems in over 30 countries worldwide. Parthenium weed causes losses of crops and pastures, degrading the biodiversity of natural plant communities, causing human and animal health hazards and resulting in serious economic losses to people and their interests in many countries around the globe. Several of its biological and ecological attributes contribute towards its invasiveness. Various management approaches (namely cultural, mechanical, chemical and biological control) have been used to minimise losses caused by this weed, but most of these approaches are ineffective and uneconomical and/or have limitations. Although chemical control using herbicides and biological control utilising exotic insects and pathogens have been found to contribute to the management of the weed, the weed nevertheless remains a significant problem. An integrated management approach is proposed here for the effective management of parthenium weed on a sustainable basis.

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Section: Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biology, ecology and management of the invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

Adkins

Shabbir

2014

Pest Management Science

224

177

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“…We expected that at high fertility, A. capillaris, like R. acetosella (Fan & Harris, 1996) would suppress H. pilosella as shown in Figure 7. However, it is surprising that there was no apparent interaction between competition from A. capillaris and the effect of gall wasps on H. pilosella , as might be predicted from previous studies (Sheppard, 1996;Navie et al ., 1998). It is possible that such an interaction may occur under conditions of water and/or nutrient stress.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Predicting the Impact of the Biocontrol AgentAulacidea subterminalis(Cynipidae) on Growth ofHieracium pilosella(Asteraceae) under Differing Environmental Conditions in New Zealand

Klöppel¹,

Smith

Syrett³

2003

Biocontrol Science and Technology

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A gall wasp, Aulacidea subterminalis, was released into the field in New Zealand in 1999 for biocontrol of the grassland weed Hieracium pilosella. To predict its likely impact in the field, the effect of the gall wasp on plant growth was measured under stress-free conditions in a shade house trial with potted plants. Plants with galls showed a reduction in stolon length of 75%. They had slightly lower total dry matter and reduced root weight. In a glasshouse experiment to measure the impact of water stress, nutrient stress, and plant competition on growth of H. pilosella and performance of the gall wasp, the number and mean diameter of gall clusters were not significantly different between treatment and control plants. However, galled plants produced more, but shorter, stolons in all stress treatments, and stolons that were more branched in nutrient-and water-stressed plants, than ungalled plants. Under the plant competition treatment, total stolon length relative to biomass was greater with, than without, wasps, indicating that stolons were thinner. Galling by A. subterminalis is likely to reduce vegetative reproduction of H. pilosella whether or not the plants are stressed, indicating that the wasp may be a successful biocontrol agent.

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“…This redirection of nutrients was presumably responsible for the reduction in the number of¯owers and leaves as well as root and shoot biomass. Gall damage when initiated at late stages of plant growth was believed to have very little negative eects on parthenium (MCFADYEN, 1985) and reduction in the vigour of parthenium was reported only when gall damage was initiated at early stages of plant growth (NAVIE et al, 1998). The enhanced negative impact of gall damage on plants at the pre¯owering and¯owering phases observed in the present study, in comparison to earlier studies, was due to the high galling pressure by E. strenuana maintained throughout the remaining life of the plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(Lep. Tortricidae) is the most prominent and widespread biocontrol agent (MCFADYEN, 1992;NAVIE et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since then, E. strenuana has spread widely and now occurs in all parthenium infested areas . Epiblema strenuana cause serious visible symptoms on parthenium (MCFADYEN, 1992) and the impact becomes signi®cant when the gall damage is initiated at early stages of plant growth NAVIE et al, 1998). However, the levels of infestation by E. strenuana in the ®eld vary considerably and such variations are believed to be due to lack of synchrony between parthenium germination and E. strenuana emergence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of gall damage by the introduced biocontrol agent Epiblema strenuana (Lep., Tortricidae) on the weed Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae)

Dhileepan¹,

McFadyen²

2001

J Applied Entomology

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Eects of gall damage by the introduced moth Epiblema strenuana on different growth stages of the weed Parthenium hysterophorus was evaluated in a ®eld cage using potted plants with no competition and in naturally regenerated populations with intraspeci®c competition. Gall damage at early stages of plant growth reduced the plant height, main stem height,¯ower production, leaf production, and shoot and root biomass. All galled, potted plants with no competition produced¯owers irrespective of the growth stage at which the plants were affected by galling, but lesser than in ungalled plants. Gall induction during early growth stages in ®eld plants experiencing competition prevented 30% of the plants reaching¯owering. However, 6% of the ®eld plants escaped from gall damage, as their main stems were less vigorous to sustain the development of galls. Flower production per unit total plant biomass was lower in galled plants than in ungalled plants, and the reduction was more intense when gall damage was initiated at early stages of plant growth. In potted plants with no competition, the number of galls increased with the plant vigour, as the gall insects preferred more vigorous plants. But in ®eld plants there were no relationship between gall abundance and plant vigour, as intraspeci®c competition enhanced the negative effects of galling by reducing the vigour of the weed.JAE 125 (2001)

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Efficacy of the Stem-Galling MothEpiblema strenuanaWalk. (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) as a Biological Control Agent for Ragweed Parthenium (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

Cited by 22 publications

References 8 publications

Biology, ecology and management of the invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

Biology, ecology and management of the invasive parthenium weed (Parthenium hysterophorus L.)

Predicting the Impact of the Biocontrol AgentAulacidea subterminalis(Cynipidae) on Growth ofHieracium pilosella(Asteraceae) under Differing Environmental Conditions in New Zealand

Effects of gall damage by the introduced biocontrol agent Epiblema strenuana (Lep., Tortricidae) on the weed Parthenium hysterophorus (Asteraceae)

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