Efficiency limiting morphological factors of MDMO-PPV:PCBM plastic solar cells

Hoppe, Harald; Glatzel, Thilo; Niggemann, Michael; Schwinger, W.; Schaeffler, F.; Hinsch, Andreas; Lux‐Steiner, M.; Sariciftci, Niyazi Serdar

doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2005.12.071

Cited by 153 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…3(h,i)] which blocked the electron transport to the cathode. 25 They also found that by the increasing the amount of PCBM, the aggregate size increased. In the case of chlorobenzene-processing, large PCBM clusters were not observed.…”

Section: Morphology Of Polymer Based Opvsmentioning

confidence: 96%

On the morphology of polymer‐based photovoltaics

Liu

Jung

et al. 2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

308

248

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We review the morphologies of polymer-based solar cells and the parameters that govern the evolution of the morphologies and describe different approaches to achieve the optimum morphology for a BHJ OPV. While there are some distinct differences, there are also some commonalities. It is evident that morphology and the control of the morphology are important for device performance and, by controlling the thermodynamics, in particular, the interactions of the components, and by controlling kinetic parameters, like the rate of solvent evaporation, crystallization and phase separation, optimized morphologies for a given system can be achieved. While much research has focused on P3HT, it is evident that a clearer understanding of the morphology and the evolution of the morphology in low bad gap polymer systems will increase the efficiency further. While current OPVs are on the verge of breaking the 10% barrier, manipulating and controlling the morphology will still be key for device optimization and, equally important, for the fabrication of these devices in an industrial setting.

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Section: Morphology Of Polymer Based Opvsmentioning

confidence: 96%

On the morphology of polymer‐based photovoltaics

Liu

Jung

et al. 2012

J Polym Sci B Polym Phys

308

248

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…[17][18][19][20][21][22] Groves et al 23 have studied the impact of composition, domain size, and energetic disorder on the mobility of carriers in an organic donor-acceptor blend and assessed the influence of nonhomogeneity. These simulations show that, for the changes in local morphology expected within the thickness of a typical bulk heterojunction photovoltaic device, changes in mobility of more than an order of magnitude are expected, leading to potential loss in device performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Charge carrier mobility in disordered organic blends for photovoltaics

Koster

2010

Phys. Rev. B

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Please check the document version of this publication:• A submitted manuscript is the version of the article upon submission and before peer-review. There can be important differences between the submitted version and the official published version of record. People interested in the research are advised to contact the author for the final version of the publication, or visit the DOI to the publisher's website.• The final author version and the galley proof are versions of the publication after peer review.• The final published version features the final layout of the paper including the volume, issue and page numbers. Link to publication General rightsCopyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal.If the publication is distributed under the terms of Article 25fa of the Dutch Copyright Act, indicated by the "Taverne" license above, please follow below link for the End User Agreement: www.tue.nl/taverne Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us at: openaccess@tue.nl providing details and we will investigate your claim. Charge transport in disordered organic blends is studied theoretically by numerically solving the Pauli master equation. The influence of morphology, disorder, electric field, and charge carrier concentration on blend mobility is assessed. Important differences between neat materials and blends are found. The dependence of mobility on charge carrier concentration is more pronounced in blends and it is influenced by the electric field strength. At low charge carrier densities, blend mobility is found to decrease with increasing field. Additionally, the impact of the volume ratio of the constituent materials and their domain size on the mobility is presented. Especially for strongly disordered materials charge transport is favored by relatively large domains. To compare these theoretical findings with existing experimental mobility data, the current density in a space-charge-limited device is computed. The author finds that, for the parameters and morphologies studied, the apparent mobility in such a device decreases with increasing bias voltage.

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“…5 However, while these techniques broadly control the domain size, crystallinity, or packing of the components of the BHJ, these characteristics of the blend morphology are not uniform throughout the film. Indeed, studies of the structure of polymer-polymer, 3,6,7 polymer-fullerene, [8][9][10] and polymernanocrystal 11 blends show hierarchies of phase separation and vertical variations in the blend morphology. How this local variation in blend morphology affects the local mobility of carriers, and in particular the PV performance, is largely unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of morphology upon mobility: Implications for bulk heterojunction solar cells with nonuniform blend morphology

Groves

Koster

Greenham

2009

Journal of Applied Physics

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Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details. We use a Monte Carlo model to predict the effect of composition, domain size, and energetic disorder upon the mobility of carriers in an organic donor-acceptor blend. These simulations show that, for the changes in local morphology expected within the thickness of a typical bulk heterojunction photovoltaic device, changes in mobility of more than an order of magnitude are expected. The impact of nonuniform mobility upon space-charge-limited diode and photovoltaic ͑PV͒ device performance is examined using a drift-diffusion model. The current passing through a space-charge-limited diode is shown to depend upon the position of the layers with differing mobility. Accurate modeling of the current in such devices can only be achieved using a drift-diffusion model incorporating nonuniform mobility. Inserting a 20 nm thick layer in which the mobility is less by one order of magnitude than in the rest of the 70 nm thick PV device reduced the device efficiency by more than 20%. Therefore it seems vital to exert a high degree of control over the morphology throughout the entire blend PV device, otherwise potential PV performance may be lost.

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Efficiency limiting morphological factors of MDMO-PPV:PCBM plastic solar cells

Cited by 153 publications

References 23 publications

On the morphology of polymer‐based photovoltaics

On the morphology of polymer‐based photovoltaics

Charge carrier mobility in disordered organic blends for photovoltaics

The effect of morphology upon mobility: Implications for bulk heterojunction solar cells with nonuniform blend morphology

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