“…is work mainly focuses on the tracking of the time-Doppler and time-azimuth traces for targets in sight; however, the propagation environment, including the sea, land, and ionospheric propagation [10][11][12], is extremely complicated, which leads to a challenging problem due to unknown and varying number of multitarget, model mismatch, lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), hybrid clutter, severe breaking points, intersecting traces, etc. Typical TBD strategies include Kalman filter (KF) [13,14], Hough transform (HT) [15][16][17], velocity filtering (VF) [18][19][20][21], particle filtering (PF) [22][23][24][25], dynamic programming (DP) [26][27][28][29][30], and Greedy algorithm [31]. eir basic concept, possible advantages, and limitation for application related to this work are summarized as follows:…”