2012
DOI: 10.1029/2012gc004187
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Effusive and explosive volcanism on the ultraslow‐spreading Gakkel Ridge, 85°E

Abstract: [1] We use high-definition seafloor digital imagery and multibeam bathymetric data acquired during the 2007 Arctic Gakkel Vents Expedition (AGAVE) to evaluate the volcanic characteristics of the 85 E segment of the ultraslow spreading Gakkel Ridge (9 mm yr À1 full rate). Our seafloor imagery reveals that the axial valley is covered by numerous, small-volume (order $1000 m 3 ) lava flows displaying a range of ages and morphologies as well as unconsolidated volcaniclastic deposits with thicknesses up to 10 cm. T… Show more

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Cited by 21 publications
(15 citation statements)
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References 131 publications
(220 reference statements)
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“…At Hook Ridge, the low-lying plume of cool, transparent and chemically reducing fluid identified by CTD profiling (Figures 5A–C) is not consistent with focused hydrothermal discharge from a point source, but rather indicates diffuse flow at low temperatures with no accompanying precipitation. Similar low-lying hydrothermal plumes of reducing fluid, occasionally also exhibiting small temperature and turbidity anomalies, have been observed in other areas of diffuse flow, for example at the Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic Ocean [36] and at the Galàpagos Spreading Centre [37].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 70%
“…At Hook Ridge, the low-lying plume of cool, transparent and chemically reducing fluid identified by CTD profiling (Figures 5A–C) is not consistent with focused hydrothermal discharge from a point source, but rather indicates diffuse flow at low temperatures with no accompanying precipitation. Similar low-lying hydrothermal plumes of reducing fluid, occasionally also exhibiting small temperature and turbidity anomalies, have been observed in other areas of diffuse flow, for example at the Gakkel Ridge in the Arctic Ocean [36] and at the Galàpagos Spreading Centre [37].…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 70%
“…[], Pontbriand et al . []; MAR 37°N: Crane and Ballard [1981]; GSC 86°W: Ballard et al . []; NEPR 12°50′N: Choukroune et al .…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Systematic GRD basement sampling and geochemical characterization of the volcanic material in the reference sedimentary core located about 1,000 km from the Gakkel Ridge (Piskarev & Elkina, ) are required to link the GRD with a large‐scale, explosive volcanic event. Nevertheless, explosive release of volatiles on the Gakkel Ridge is evident from unconsolidated pyroclastic deposits blanketing the rift valley at 85°E, which seems to be linked to the discharge of CO 2 that accumulated in (possibly deep) crustal melt reservoirs (Pontbriand et al, ; Sohn et al, ). Thus, the subsequent buildup and explosive discharge of volatile‐rich magmatic foams together with the fact that the GRD is rimmed by several volcanoes that acted as a dam might have played a role in keeping the GRD devoid of sediments.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%