El poblado calcolítico “Venta del Rapa” (finales III milenio Cal. BC.), Mancha Real, Jaén. Un recinto de fosos entre las estribaciones de Sierra Mágina y el Alto Guadalquivir
Abstract:RESUMENSe presentan los resultados de la excavación arqueológica realizada en el poblado calcolítico "Venta del Rapa", localizado durante las prospecciones previas a la construcción de la Autovía del Olivar en el término municipal de Mancha Real, Jaén. El poblado tiene un foso en la parte más alta que delimita un área de 0,5 ha. Tanto en su interior como en su exterior se ubican cientos de estructuras excavadas en la base geológica, abarcando 2 ha. Entre ellas destacan tres tumbas colectivas de inhumación sin … Show more
“…Only from the late 1990s onwards did large, open area excavations become more widespread in southern Iberia (eg, Outeiro Alto 2 in Valera & Filipe 2010; or Venta del Rapa in Lechuga et al . 2014). Fig.…”
Section: A Deficient Characterisationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2500 cal bc (eg, Valera 2013b, 339; Lechuga et al . 2014). On the other hand, some of the most outstanding places from the previous phases continued to be loci of human activity, as multiple pits and episodes of recutting seem to prove.…”
Section: Ditched Enclosures In Southern Iberia: An Overviewmentioning
Neolithic ditched enclosures appear to be widely distributed across Central and Western Europe, and from the Mediterranean area to Scandinavia. They have been known in areas of Europe for a long time, but particularly in the last 25 years studies on British, French, Central European, and Scandinavian ditched enclosures have flourished. In line with this, a number of international meetings occurred in the last three decades. In southern Iberia, by contrast, ditched enclosures only began to be known in the 1970s, and even then methodological deficiencies and lack of funding hampered their characterisation. As a consequence of this, Iberian Neolithic and Copper Age ditched enclosures were largely unknown outside Portugal and Spain. They were not represented in any of the international meetings above, nor included in any of the syntheses made about the topic. Not only that, for decades, Spanish and Portuguese archaeologists were not aware of the potential analogies themselves, and the research that was being carried out elsewhere in Europe had almost no influence on the way ditched enclosures were surveyed, excavated, and interpreted in the peninsula. The main objective of this article is to advance the recognition of the southern Iberian evidence by other European researchers and the integration of the Iberian conversation into the general discussion. The focus will be on how these sites have been studied by several generations of Iberian archaeologists, in an attempt to explain why it has taken Portuguese and Spanish archaeologists so long to realise that Iberian enclosures should not be understood in isolation.
“…Only from the late 1990s onwards did large, open area excavations become more widespread in southern Iberia (eg, Outeiro Alto 2 in Valera & Filipe 2010; or Venta del Rapa in Lechuga et al . 2014). Fig.…”
Section: A Deficient Characterisationmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…2500 cal bc (eg, Valera 2013b, 339; Lechuga et al . 2014). On the other hand, some of the most outstanding places from the previous phases continued to be loci of human activity, as multiple pits and episodes of recutting seem to prove.…”
Section: Ditched Enclosures In Southern Iberia: An Overviewmentioning
Neolithic ditched enclosures appear to be widely distributed across Central and Western Europe, and from the Mediterranean area to Scandinavia. They have been known in areas of Europe for a long time, but particularly in the last 25 years studies on British, French, Central European, and Scandinavian ditched enclosures have flourished. In line with this, a number of international meetings occurred in the last three decades. In southern Iberia, by contrast, ditched enclosures only began to be known in the 1970s, and even then methodological deficiencies and lack of funding hampered their characterisation. As a consequence of this, Iberian Neolithic and Copper Age ditched enclosures were largely unknown outside Portugal and Spain. They were not represented in any of the international meetings above, nor included in any of the syntheses made about the topic. Not only that, for decades, Spanish and Portuguese archaeologists were not aware of the potential analogies themselves, and the research that was being carried out elsewhere in Europe had almost no influence on the way ditched enclosures were surveyed, excavated, and interpreted in the peninsula. The main objective of this article is to advance the recognition of the southern Iberian evidence by other European researchers and the integration of the Iberian conversation into the general discussion. The focus will be on how these sites have been studied by several generations of Iberian archaeologists, in an attempt to explain why it has taken Portuguese and Spanish archaeologists so long to realise that Iberian enclosures should not be understood in isolation.
“…Judging from recent evidence (Lechuga, Soto, & Rodríguez, ), grave goods among these human and/or animal depositions appear to be absent although they are common in simple burials centuries earlier, as well as in contemporary megaliths and hypogea (Aranda et al, ; Aranda, Lozano, Díaz‐Zorita, Sánchez, & Escudero, ). The funerary nature of these features containing human remains is rarely questioned among south Iberian researchers even though there have been, over the last years, numerous finds, for the most part unpublished, of what appear to be synchronous burials containing several individuals, which opens up the possibility of catastrophic or violent events.…”
This study presents the isotopic ratios, radiocarbon datings, and anthropological analyses of five (N = 5) Early Copper Age individuals from two archaeological sites (Arruzafa and Iglesia Antigua de Alcolea) of the Middle Guadalquivir Valley near the city of Córdoba (Spain). Four had been buried in the same grave, possibly in a single event or in a very short time lapse. The collagen residue analyses of the individuals offer δ13C values ranging between −20.08 and −18.4 and δ15N values between 8.57 and 11.15. The findings indicate that the infant and the elderly had, respectively, the richest and poorest animal protein diets, the first likely as a result of nursing. The combined study of these five individuals offers an interesting approach to a small segment of population of the farming communities occupying this territory at the beginning of the Copper Age (3200–3000 cal BC).
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