Electric-dipole moment of CaF (<i>X</i> 2Σ+) by molecular beam, laser-rf, double-resonance study of Stark splittings

Childs, W. J.; Goodman, L. S.; Nielsen, U.; Pfeufer, V.

doi:10.1063/1.447005

Cited by 80 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…8,9 An effective value of ␣ ϩ ϭ7.6 Å 3 , which is significantly less than the theoretical free ion value of ␣ ϩ ϭ12 Å 3 , was required to fit the ground state dipole moments of other calcium monovalent diatomic compounds 18 and was used here. Ligand field calculations 17 showed that s, p and d Ca ϩ orbital mixing is virtually the same for all calcium monohalides justifying the adaptation of the same value.…”

Section: ͑2͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Over the past ten years the measurement of dipole moments of a variety of monovalent calcium compounds has been performed. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Monovalent calcium compounds are ideal candidates for such a study because they are relatively easy to create and have intense, unperturbed, optical spectra. By interpreting the determined values of a description of their ionic bonding nature has evolved and subsequently semiempirical electrostatic polarizability, 15,16 ligand field, 17 and ab initio 18 models that quantitatively predict dipole moments have been developed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monomethyl

Marr

Grieman

Steimle

1996

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monoacetylideOptical and optical Stark spectra of the 0 0 0 Ã 2 E-X 2 A 1 band system of a supersonic molecular beam sample of calcium monomethyl, CaCH 3 , have been recorded. Field free spectroscopic parameters were obtained on fitting the ͉͑K R Ј ͉ ϭ 1, ͉KЈ͉ϭ0 and 2͒-(͉K R Љ͉ ϭ 1) and the ͉͑K R Ј ͉ ϭ 0, ͉KЈ͉ϭ1͒-(͉K R Љ͉ ϭ 0) subbands. The branch features were reassigned and a resulting new set of spectroscopic parameters determined. The value of the a-principal axis component of the spin-rotation parameter, ⑀ aa (Ã 2 E), is now consistent with the assumed nature of the low-lying excited electronic states. Dipole moments of 2.62Ϯ0.03 D and 1.69Ϯ0.02 D were determined for the X 2 A 1 and Ã 2 E states, respectively. A simple electrostatic model was adapted to predict dipole moments for CaCH 3 and MgCH 3 .

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Section: ͑2͒mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monomethyl

Marr

Grieman

Steimle

1996

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Controlled microwave-induced dipoles are important for simulating spin Hamiltonians [7,10,47,48], studying topological superfluids [49], and enhancing evaporative cooling [50]. For induced dipoles of μ e = ffiffi ffi 3 p , where μ e ¼ 3.07 D is the dipole moment of CaF [51], and taking a realistic spacing of 0.5 μm, the dipole-dipole interaction energy is a few kHz, comparable to the resolution we achieve. Thus, our work demonstrates many of the key capabilities needed for the applications of laser-cooled molecules.…”

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confidence: 76%

Role of Minerals in Hydrogen Sulfide Generation during Steam-Assisted Recovery of Heavy Oil

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate coherent microwave control of the rotational, hyperfine, and Zeeman states of ultracold CaF molecules, and the magnetic trapping of these molecules in a single, selectable quantum state. We trap about 5 × 10 3 molecules for almost 2 s at a temperature of 70ð8Þ μK and a density of 1.2 × 10 5 cm −3 . We measure the state-specific loss rate due to collisions with background helium. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.163201 Techniques for producing and controlling ultracold molecules are advancing rapidly, motivated by a wide range of applications. These include precise measurements that test fundamental physics [1,2], quantum state resolved collisions and chemistry [3], quantum computation [4][5][6] and simulation [7,8], and the study of dipolar quantum gases [9]. These applications call for trapped molecules in a single, selectable quantum state, and they typically require coherent control over the rotational and hyperfine states. Such control has recently been achieved [10-13] for bialkali molecules produced by associating ultracold atoms [14][15][16][17][18]. Great efforts are also being made to cool molecules directly, for example, by optoelectrical Sisyphus cooling [19] or direct laser cooling and magneto-optical trapping [20][21][22][23][24][25]. These methods can produce ultracold molecules with greater chemical diversity and with large electric and magnetic dipoles, as is often desired. The magneto-optical trap (MOT) is an excellent tool for collecting and cooling molecules, and it promises to be the starting point for many applications of ultracold molecules, just as it has been for ultracold atoms. However, it does not allow quantum state control, provides limited phase-space density, and has a limited lifetime due to optical pumping into states not addressed by the lasers. Thus, molecules in a MOT must be transferred into a conservative trap where the lifetime can be long, the quantum state can be selected and preserved, and the phase-space density can be increased, for example, by sympathetic, evaporative, or Raman sideband cooling. Magnetic traps have been crucial for exploiting ultracold atoms, and they have previously been used to confine molecules produced at ∼100 mK by buffer-gas cooling and Stark and Zeeman deceleration [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. Here, we demonstrate coherent control and magnetic trapping of laser-cooled molecules, which are key steps towards the applications discussed above. Starting from a MOT of CaF [25], we compress the cloud to increase its density, cool the molecules to sub-Doppler temperature [23], optically pump them into a single internal state, transfer them coherently to a selectable rotational, hyperfine and Zeeman level, and then confine them in a magnetic trap.Our setup is the same as used previously [23,25], with the addition of microwave components to drive the rotational transition. A pulse of CaF emitted at time t ¼ 0 from a cryogenic buffer gas source [34] is decelerated by frequency-chirped counter-propagating laser light [35]. The slowest mo...

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“…The determined μ e values for BaF are compared with values for isovalent CaF [33,34] and SrF [35,36] in Table V. Only the μ e values for the A 2 3/2 (υ = 0) spin-orbit state were measured for CaF and SrF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular-beam optical Stark and Zeeman study of theA2Π--X
Steimle
¹
,
Frey
²
,
Le
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
28
0
26
0
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The A 2 − X 2 + (0,0) band system of barium monofluoride (BaF) has been recorded using high-resolution laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy both field-free and in the presence of static magnetic and electric fields. The field-free spectra for the 135 BaF, 137 BaF, and 138 BaF isotopologues were modeled to generate an improved set of spectroscopic constants for the A 2 (υ = 0) and X 2 + (υ = 0) states. The observed optical Stark shifts for the 138 BaF isotopologue were analyzed to produce the permanent electric dipole moments of 1.50(2) and 1.31(2) D for the A 2 1/2 (υ = 0) and A 2 3/2 (υ = 0) states, respectively. The observed optical Zeeman shifts for the 138 BaF isotopologue were analyzed to produce a set of magnetic g factors for the A 2 (υ = 0) and X 2 + (υ = 0) states.

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Electric-dipole moment of CaF (X 2Σ+) by molecular beam, laser-rf, double-resonance study of Stark splittings

Cited by 80 publications

References 21 publications

A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monomethyl

A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monomethyl

Role of Minerals in Hydrogen Sulfide Generation during Steam-Assisted Recovery of Heavy Oil

Molecular-beam optical Stark and Zeeman study of theA2Π--X
Steimle
¹
,
Frey
²
,
Le
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
28
0
26
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Electric-dipole moment of CaF (X 2Σ+) by molecular beam, laser-rf, double-resonance study of Stark splittings

Cited by 80 publications

References 21 publications

A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monomethyl

A molecular beam optical/Stark study of calcium monomethyl

Role of Minerals in Hydrogen Sulfide Generation during Steam-Assisted Recovery of Heavy Oil

Molecular-beam optical Stark and Zeeman study of theA2Π--XSteimle1, Frey2, Le3 et al. 2011Phys. Rev. A280260View full textAdd to dashboardCite

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Molecular-beam optical Stark and Zeeman study of theA2Π--X
Steimle
¹
,
Frey
²
,
Le
³

et al. 2011
Phys. Rev. A
28
0
26
0
View full text Add to dashboard Cite