Electrically controlled mutual interactions of flying waveguide dipolaritons

Rosenberg, Itamar; Mazuz-Harpaz, Yotam; Rapaport, Ronen; West, K. W.; Pfeiffer, L. N.

doi:10.1103/physrevb.93.195151

Cited by 46 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…2(b) as a function of electric field. The former depends on exciton Bohr radius [19] while the latter is enhanced with the increase of the effective dipole length shown in [13].…”

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confidence: 97%

“…Under this scheme, the coupled DX and IX share the strong oscillator strength of the direct component and the strong dipole moment of the indirect one, favoring higher polariton-polariton interactions. More recently [13], by integrating wide QWs in a simple waveguide, the formation of dipolar polaritons was observed resulting in higher interactions and therefore increased energy blueshifts when electric bias was applied. However, in both implementations only low density linear regimes are considered without examining the consequences of such enhancements on nonlinearities and polariton condensation regime.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electrical Tuning of Nonlinearities in Exciton-Polariton Condensates

et al. 2018

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A primary limitation of the intensively-researched polaritonic systems compared to their atomic counterparts for the study of strongly correlated phenomena and many-body physics, is their relatively weak two-particle interactions compared to disorder. Here, we show how new opportunities, to enhance such on-site interactions and nonlinearities, arise by tuning the exciton-polaritons dipole moment in electrically-biased semiconductor microcavities incorporating wide quantum wells. The applied field results in a twofold enhancement of excitonexciton interactions as well as more efficiently driving relaxation towards low energy polariton states, thus reducing condensation threshold. 78.67.Pt, 71.36.+c 2018 American Institute of Physics. Achieving the nonlinear quantum regime in photonics where the single-site effective photon interaction energy is larger than the losses, opens a plethora of interesting phenomena such as photon blockade [1], photon crystallisation [2], and opportunities to realize quantum simulators for the study of condesed matter problems such as Mott-insulator to superfluid phase transitions [3] in arrays of optical cavities. So far, the lack of scalable devices with sufficient nonlinearities and low-enough losses has been the main obstacle for the experimental realization of these phenomena. Exciton polaritons are composite quasiparticles resulting from the strong coupling of cavity photons and quantum well (QW) excitons embedded within a microcavity (MC) [4]. Polaritons interact nonlinearly due to their excitonic component and can form macroscopically coherent condensates [5]. They are scalable to form arrays by either etching [6][7][8] or optical patterning [9][10][11] of the microcavity. However, in the presently studied systems, polariton-polariton interaction energy is smaller as compared to their line-broadening. There are two approaches towards overcoming this problem: manufacturing higher quality microcavities, or enhancing the polariton nonlinearities.Here, we take the second approach and demonstrate twofold enhancement of the polariton-polariton interaction using wide QWs in an electrically driven MC. By exploiting the quantum confined Stark effect (QCSE) to form dipolar polaritons we demonstrate tuning of the exciton-exciton interaction. As a direct consequence of this, we obtain an enhancement of the polariton emission in both linear and lasing regimes with a simultaneous reduction of the polariton lasing threshold and shorter polariton condensate formation times due to enhanced exciton scattering. Our results are the first demonstration of the electrical tuning of nonlinearities in exciton-polariton condensates.Exciton-exciton interactions play a key role in the strong nonlinearities present in MC polariton systems. A first at- tempt to control these interactions previously suggested, was to utilise the concept of dipolaritons [12] by incorporating double asymmetric quantum wells in an electrically biased MC. Both direct (DX) and indirect (IX) excitons couple to the same cavity m...

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“…2(b) as a function of electric field. The former depends on exciton Bohr radius [19] while the latter is enhanced with the increase of the effective dipole length shown in [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrical Tuning of Nonlinearities in Exciton-Polariton Condensates

et al. 2018

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“…Here the conductive ITO strip also forms a transparent top electrode through which voltage can be applied across the sample. In Fig.3(e) we plot three 16,20 PL measurements measured when exciting at a distance of 187µm from the grating-coupler while applying different values of voltage across the sample with respect to the n + doped substrate. The effect of the Stark red-shift, induced by the electric field, on the dispersion can be clearly seen.…”

Section: An Electrically-active Striploaded Polariton Waveguidementioning

confidence: 99%

Fully Guided Electrically Controlled Exciton Polaritons

et al. 2018

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We demonstrate two types of waveguide structures which optically confine excitonpolaritons in two dimensions and act as polaritonic channels. We show a strong optical confinement in an etched rectangular waveguide, that significantly increases the propagation distance of the polaritons and allow to direct them in curved trajectories. Also, we show low-loss optical guiding over a record-high of hundreds of microns which is combined seamlessly with electrical control of the polaritons, in a strip waveguide formed by electrically conductive and optically transparent strips deposited on top of a planar waveguide. Both structures are scalable and easy to fabricate and offer new possibilities for designing complex polaritonic devices.

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“…After the first experimental observation of dipolaritons [24], it was demonstrated that they have distinct response to electric and magnetic fields [29] and stronger interparticle interaction as compared to conventional polaritons [30]. Moreover, they can be used for enhanced electrical control [31,32], facilitate indirect exciton condensate preparation [33], single photon emission [34], and other optoelectronic applications. Particularly, it was predicted that dipolaritons can serve as an efficient ter-ahertz emission source [35][36][37].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Floquet control of dipolaritons in quantum wells

Kyriienko

Shelykh

2017

Opt. Lett.

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We developed the theory of dipolaritons in semiconductor quantum wells irradiated by an offresonant electromagnetic wave (dressing field). Solving the Floquet problem for the dressed dipolaritons, we demonstrated that the field drastically modifies all dipolaritonic properties. In particular, the dressing field strongly effects on terahertz emission from the considered system. The described effect paves the way for optical control of prospective dipolariton-based terahertz devices.

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Electrically controlled mutual interactions of flying waveguide dipolaritons

Cited by 46 publications

References 36 publications

Electrical Tuning of Nonlinearities in Exciton-Polariton Condensates

Electrical Tuning of Nonlinearities in Exciton-Polariton Condensates

Fully Guided Electrically Controlled Exciton Polaritons

Floquet control of dipolaritons in quantum wells

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