Deterministic GHz-rate single photon sources at room-temperature would be essential components for various quantum applications. However, both the slow intrinsic decay rate and the omnidirectional emission of typical quantum emitters are two obstacles towards achieving such a goal which are hard to overcome simultaneously. Here we solve this challenge by a hybrid approach, using a complex monolithic photonic resonator constructed of a gold nanocone responsible for the rate enhancement, and a circular Bragg antenna for emis-1 arXiv:2010.15016v2 [quant-ph] 3 Nov 2020 sion directionality. A repeatable process accurately binds quantum dots to the tip of the antenna-embedded nanocone. As a result we achieve simultaneous 20-fold emission rate enhancement and record-high directionality leading to an increase in the observed brightness by a factor as large as 580 (120) into an NA = 0.22 (0.5). We project that such miniaturised on-chip devices can reach photon rates approaching 2.3 × 10 8 single photons/second thus enabling ultrafast light-matter interfaces for quantum technologies at ambient conditions.
We demonstrate two types of waveguide structures which optically confine excitonpolaritons in two dimensions and act as polaritonic channels. We show a strong optical confinement in an etched rectangular waveguide, that significantly increases the propagation distance of the polaritons and allow to direct them in curved trajectories. Also, we show low-loss optical guiding over a record-high of hundreds of microns which is combined seamlessly with electrical control of the polaritons, in a strip waveguide formed by electrically conductive and optically transparent strips deposited on top of a planar waveguide. Both structures are scalable and easy to fabricate and offer new possibilities for designing complex polaritonic devices.
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