“…The six carbazole-based monomers were purchased from commercial suppliers or synthesized by us (see the Supporting Information). In our experiments, monomers with two, three, and four carbazole substituents have been used: Electropolymerization of thiophene-, 20,21 pyrrole-, 22 and carbazole-based 23,24 monomers has been extensively studied due to the interesting properties of the resulting conducting polymer (CP) films, e.g., their electrochromic behavior. 25−27 Electrochemical oxidative coupling of carbazole was first described by Ambrose and Nelson.…”