Electrochemical Biosensor Utilizing Nitrogen Incorporated Nanodiamond Ultra-Microelectrode Array

Raina, Supil; Kang, W.P.; Davidson, J.L.; Huang, Juntong

doi:10.1149/1.3514073

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This bottom-up fabrication process involved a combination of conventional silicon microfabrication technology and nanodiamond growth by using microwave plasma enhanced CVD (PECVD) process. The fabrication process has been published in more detail previously (31)(32).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Temporal Resolution Bio-Sensing Using Nitrogen-Incorporated Nanodiamond Ultra-Microelectrode Array by Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

Raina¹,

Kang²,

Davidson³

et al. 2013

ECS Trans.

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Microelectrodes have several benefits over macroelectrodes by virtue of their size. Their advantages include lower capacitance and uncompensated resistance loss, enhanced temporal and spatial resolution, usability in highly resistive media, increased signal to noise ratio. An array of microelectrodes can deliver these benefits along with signal amplification. Neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, undergo rapid fluctuations in concentrations occurring at a sub-second time scale. Real-time monitoring and measurement of these concentration changes, in-vivo or in-vitro, requires the use of ultra-microelectrode arrays (UMEAs). A nitrogen incorporated nanodiamond UMEA was fabricated using silicon microfabrication technology and microwave PECVD process. The array of 2500 UMEs, projects above the SiO2 insulating matrix, thus providing a 3-dimensional surface. Fast scan cyclic voltammetry at 300V/s was used to examine the temporal response and sensitivity for dopamine detection. A large negative holding potential was employed to promote DA pre-concentration in between the voltage scans.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen incorporated nanodiamond UMEAs (ND-UMEAs) have been successfully characterized for detection of bio-analytes such as DA and ascorbic acid (AA) (30)(31)(32). These experiments were conducted under steady state conditions at slower scan rates, when hemispherical diffusion of the analyte to the microelectrode surface is dominant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Temporal Resolution Bio-Sensing Using Nitrogen-Incorporated Nanodiamond Ultra-Microelectrode Array by Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

Raina¹,

Kang²,

Davidson³

et al. 2013

ECS Trans.

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“…The nanodiamond UMEA's (ND-UMEAs) fabricated with both the 'bottom-up' and 'top-down' approaches used conventional silicon microfabrication techniques and MPECVD nanodiamond growth processes. The 'bottom-up' technique has been described in detail previously (16)(17). In this work, we focus on the alternative process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen incorporated thin-film nanodiamond electrodes, in a macro form and as UMEAs, have been used successfully to detect DA (15)(16)(17). The UMEAs were characterized under steady state conditions at slower scan rates, when hemispherical diffusion of the analyte to the microelectrode surface is dominant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanodiamond Microelectrode Array with Mesa Structure Fabricated for Bio-Analytical Applications

Raina¹,

Kang²,

Ghosh³

2013

ECS Trans.

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Ultra-microelectrode arrays (UMEAs) are widely used because of advantages such as low capacitance and low iR losses, which provides a high signal/noise ratio and allows use in highly resistive media. They also can be used in applications requiring high temporal and spatial resolution. Hemispherical diffusion enhances the flux density at the microelectrode surface to provide greater sensitivity than macroelectrodes. Catecholamine neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, play important roles in the mammalian central nervous system and require constant monitoring and measurement. A nitrogen incorporated nanodiamond UMEA was fabricated using silicon microfabrication technology and microwave PECVD process by using a 'top-down' approach. This process allows greater control over the UMEA dimensions and nanodiamond microstructure. The array consists of 2500 UME 'mesas' projecting above the surrounding insulating matrix of spin-on-dielectric. Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the UMEA for detection of dopamine.

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“…Diamond electrodes have also been investigated in addition to GR and CNTs. Raina et al developed steady flow curves of CV for DA concentrations ranging from 100 to 800 μM in 0.1 M PBS using a nanodiamond ultramicroelectrode array incorporated with nitrogen [ 321 ].…”

Section: Biological Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuro-nanotechnology: diagnostic and therapeutic nano-based strategies in applied neuroscience

et al. 2023

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Artificial, de-novo manufactured materials (with controlled nano-sized characteristics) have been progressively used by neuroscientists during the last several decades. The introduction of novel implantable bioelectronics interfaces that are better suited to their biological targets is one example of an innovation that has emerged as a result of advanced nanostructures and implantable bioelectronics interfaces, which has increased the potential of prostheses and neural interfaces. The unique physical–chemical properties of nanoparticles have also facilitated the development of novel imaging instruments for advanced laboratory systems, as well as intelligently manufactured scaffolds and microelectrodes and other technologies designed to increase our understanding of neural tissue processes. The incorporation of nanotechnology into physiology and cell biology enables the tailoring of molecular interactions. This involves unique interactions with neurons and glial cells in neuroscience. Technology solutions intended to effectively interact with neuronal cells, improved molecular-based diagnostic techniques, biomaterials and hybridized compounds utilized for neural regeneration, neuroprotection, and targeted delivery of medicines as well as small chemicals across the blood–brain barrier are all purposes of the present article.

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Electrochemical Biosensor Utilizing Nitrogen Incorporated Nanodiamond Ultra-Microelectrode Array

Cited by 4 publications

References 24 publications

High Temporal Resolution Bio-Sensing Using Nitrogen-Incorporated Nanodiamond Ultra-Microelectrode Array by Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

High Temporal Resolution Bio-Sensing Using Nitrogen-Incorporated Nanodiamond Ultra-Microelectrode Array by Fast Scan Cyclic Voltammetry

Nanodiamond Microelectrode Array with Mesa Structure Fabricated for Bio-Analytical Applications

Neuro-nanotechnology: diagnostic and therapeutic nano-based strategies in applied neuroscience

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