Electrochemical characterisation of patterned carbon nanotube electrodes on silane modified silicon

Flavel, Benjamin S.; Yu, Jingxian; Shapter, Joseph G.; Quinton, Jamie S.

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2008.03.022

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…15 The improvement of the stability from our previous work lies in the 2 h SWCNT attachment time used, which has been shown to be the attachment time that produces the best photovoltaic 14 and electrochemical devices. 21,46 The emission stability of these Si-SWCNT devices is attributed to the chemical attachment process in which the SWCNTs are bound to the substrate via a chemical bond, reducing the likelihood of SWCNT desorption during FE (a common emission degradation mechanism) 47 and subsequently improving emission stability. This is in direct contrast to CVD grown systems where the lack of adhesion between the substrate and the CNTs can be a major issue.…”

Section: Field Emission Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Shearer

Fahy

Barr

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chemical attachment and field emission (FE) properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWCNTs), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) chemically attached to a silicon substrate have been investigated. A high density of CNTs was revealed by atomic force microscopy imaging with orientation varying with CNT type. Raman spectroscopy was used to confirm the CNT type and diameter on the surfaces. The field emission properties of the surfaces were studied and both current-voltage and Fowler-Nordheim plots were obtained. The SWCNTs exhibited superior FE characteristics with a turn-on voltage (Eto) of 1.28 V μm−1 and electric field enhancement factor (β) of 5587. The DWCNT surface showed an Eto of 1.91 V μm−1 and a β of 4748, whereas the MWCNT surface exhibited an Eto of 2.79 V μm−1 and a β of 3069. The emission stability of each CNT type was investigated and it was found that SWCNTs produced the most stable emission. The differences between the FE characteristics and stability are explained in terms of the CNT diameter, vertical alignment, and crystallinity. The findings suggest that strength of substrate adhesion and CNT crystallinity play a major role in FE stability. Comparisons to other FE studies are made and the potential for device application is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Field Emission Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Shearer

Fahy

Barr

et al. 2012

Journal of Applied Physics

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…4B(ii)), the coupling process between the surface hydroxyl groups and the carboxylic acid groups at the nanotube ends was carried out under conditions similar to those for amide bond formation. [52,[68][69][70]91] The shortened SWNTs have been successfully immobilized on different substrates, such as Si [68][69][70]91,102] and gold, [52] via ester bonds, and the fixed SWNTs exhibited good alignment with an orientation perpendicular to the substrates.…”

Section: Preparation Of Vertically Aligned Swnts Via Surface Condensamentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Many redox centers have been attached to the free ends of v-SWNTs, including redox enzymes, [48,66,96] electroactive complexes, [91,98,99] and ferrocene. [68,94,97,102] Gooding and coworkers reported the first study on the electrochemistry of enzymes covalently attached to the free ends of v-SWNTs. [48] They used microperoxidase (MP-11) as the attached redox center and observed an efficient electron transfer at v-SWNTs.…”

Section: Charge Transfer Properties Of Redox Species Attached To Vertmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vertically Aligned Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Assembly – Methodology, Properties, and Applications

Diao

Liu

2010

Advanced Materials

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), as one of the most promising one-dimension nanomaterials due to its unique structure, peculiar chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electronic properties, have long been considered as an important building block to construct ordered alignments. Vertically aligned SWNTs (v-SWNTs) have been successfully prepared by using direct growth and chemical assembly strategies. In this review, we focus explicitly on the v-SWNTs fabricated via chemical assembly strategy. We provide the readers with a full and systematic summary covering the advances in all aspects of this area, including various approaches for the preparation of v-SWNTs using chemical assembly techniques, characterization, assembly kinetics, and electrochemical properties of v-SWNTs. We also review the applications of v-SWNTs in electrochemical and bioelectrochemical sensors, photoelectric conversion, and scanning probe microscopy.

show abstract

“…Due to the inherent difficulty in electrically connecting a gold nanostructure for electrochemical analysis, electro-less deposition was used to create a complete gold layer on a silicon wafer, which due to the increased surface area could easily be connected. The chemical approach used remained exactly the same and is therefore believed to be comparable to the nanostructure systems [26]. As shown in figure 3, a monolayer of either 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane was assembled onto a silicon wafer, followed by the attachment of gold nanoparticles and the subsequent electro-less deposition of gold to fabricate a gold-coated silicon surface.…”

Section: Electrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the nanotubes still have carboxylic acid functionality available after attachment which can then be used to further modify the nanotubes. In this case, the redox active molecule, ferrocenemethanol, was attached to the carboxylic acid end groups of the carbon nanotube using a condensation reaction [23,26,27]. The attached carbon nanotube substrate was immersed into 3 ml of 99.9% dimethyl sulfoxide (Sigma-Aldrich) containing 0.3 mg of 99.0% N,N -dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 1.5 mg of 97% ferrocenemethanol (Sigma-Aldrich) for 48 h at 25…”

Section: Electrochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Solution chemistry approach to fabricate vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on gold wires: towards vertically integrated electronics

Flavel

Ellis

et al. 2008

Nanotechnology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A monolayer of hexadecyltrichlorosilane, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane or 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane was self-assembled onto a p-type silicon (100) substrate to provide a resist for electrochemical anodization with an atomic force microscope cantilever. Silane treatment of the oxide nanostructures created by anodization lithography allowed for the creation of a chemically heterogeneous surface, containing regions of −NH 2 or −SH surrounded by −CH 3 functionality. These patterned regions of −NH 2 or −SH provided the point of attachment for citrate-stabilized gold colloid nanoparticles, which act as 'seed' particles for the electro-less deposition of gold. This has allowed the creation of gold wires on a silicon surface. Carbon nanotubes, with high carboxylic acid functionality, were vertically immobilized on the patterned gold wires with the use of a cysteamine monolayer and a condensation reaction. Such a material may prove useful in the creation of future vertically integrated electronic devices where it is desirable for electron transport to be in three dimensions and this electron transport is demonstrated with cyclic voltammetry.

show abstract

Electrochemical characterisation of patterned carbon nanotube electrodes on silane modified silicon

Cited by 20 publications

References 30 publications

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Field emission from single-, double-, and multi-walled carbon nanotubes chemically attached to silicon

Vertically Aligned Single‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes by Chemical Assembly – Methodology, Properties, and Applications

Solution chemistry approach to fabricate vertically aligned carbon nanotubes on gold wires: towards vertically integrated electronics

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About