Electrochemical/chemical oxidation of bisphenol A in a four-electron/two-proton process in aprotic organic solvents

Electrochemical Oxidation of the Phenolic Benzotriazoles UV‐234 and UV‐327 in Organic Solvents

“…The absence of a clearly defined reverse peak close (within ∼100 mV) to the main oxidation peak indicates that the initially formed cation is short‐lived and quickly reacts to form other products. The irreversible oxidation response is typical of many phenolic compounds which also display chemically irreversible oxidation peaks due to the formation of unstable oxidized compounds that quickly react to secondary oxidation products before they can be reduced back to the starting material . The term “chemical reversibility” used in the context of cyclic voltammetry refers to the stability of the oxidized species on the CV timescales (≤a few seconds), and does not refer to the electrochemical reversibility with respect to the heterogeneous electron transfer step.…”

Voltammetric Studies on Vitamins D2 and D3 in Organic Solvents

“…Also, the oxidized product may be ideally isolated as a salt and the byproduct, NO ᭹ (reduced form of NO + ) exists as a gaseous product and can be removed easily from the solution under vacuum or purging with inert gas. Furthermore, chemical oxidation with NO + has previously been found to be effective in oxidizing the environmental pollutant bisphenol A which is difficult to electrochemically oxidize under electrolysis conditions because it also undergoes strong adsorption on most electrode surfaces [28]. The chemical oxidation of vitamins D 3 and D 2 with varying molar equivalents of NO + was first analyzed via cyclic voltammetry, in order to determine the equivalents of NO + required to achieve complete oxidation, and hence to calculate the number of electrons transferred during the process.…”

Investigation of phenol electrooxidation in aprotic non-aqueous solvents by using cyclic and normal pulse voltammetry

“…The electrode fouling process is based on the continuous entrapment of phenolic units to the formed polymer. In non-aqueous solvents, the pathway leading to the formation of poly(phenylene oxide) is valid to describe the mechanism for the film formation [3,28,[36][37][38]. The layers which can be electrodeposited are electrically non-conductive and depending on their permeability they can isolate the electrode from the solution containing the electroactive compound under study.…”

“…Application of a strong pyridinetype base determines the product of electrooxidation of phenols; for example, in case of 4-tercbutylphenol the corresponding dimer forms [27]. Bisphenol A was also studied with anodic oxidation in aprotic organic solvents [28]. Ionic liquids provide also an appropriate medium for electrooxidation processes due to their wide potential window.…”