Electrochemical Detection Methods for Monoamine Measurements in Vitro and in Vivo

Adams, Ralph N.; Marsden, C.A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-3452-1_1

Cited by 65 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…5-HT, however, showed no oxidation current until an applied E ½ of approximately +270 mV versus Ag/AgCl. These are similar to the relative E ½ values previously reported for catechol and hydroxyindole moieties at carbon electrodes using linear sweep voltammetry (Adams and Marsden, 1982). Moreover, there was also a clear voltage window in which it was possible to oxidise DA and NA but not 5-HT: Although a potential of +200 mV was sufficient to oxidise the catecholamines, there was negligible oxidation of 5-HT at this voltage.…”

Section: Nafion Prevents Electrode Poisoningsupporting

confidence: 80%

Simultaneous real-time amperometric measurement of catecholamines and serotonin at carbon fibre ‘dident’ microelectrodes

Pennington

Millar

Jones

et al. 2004

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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Section: Nafion Prevents Electrode Poisoningsupporting

confidence: 80%

Simultaneous real-time amperometric measurement of catecholamines and serotonin at carbon fibre ‘dident’ microelectrodes

Pennington

Millar

Jones

et al. 2004

Journal of Neuroscience Methods

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“…In recent years, interest has grown in electrochemical techniques that allow for the direct in vivo monitoring of monoamine neurotransmitter release in the brain (e.g., Adams and Marsden, 1982;. A problem with early work with these techniques was a lack of electrode specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several laboratories have used electrochemical methods to study CA release in vivo (e.g., Adams and Marsden, 1982;Lane et al * Rel ease of Cortical Catecholamines and Blaha, 1986). Direct comparisons between these previous studies and the present findings are not straightforward since most of the past work was performed with rodents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Release of cortical catecholamines by visual stimulation requires activity in thalamocortical afferents of monkey and cat

Marrocco¹,

Lane²,

McClurkin³

et al. 1987

J. Neurosci.

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Catecholamine (CA) release was measured in vivo in the monkey and cat visual cortices electrochemically. Stereate-modified, graphite-paste electrodes were used to monitor changes in norepinephrine and dopamine release. Micromolar changes in CA concentration were obtained by stimulation of the eye with nonspecific (strobe) or specific (oriented bars, radial gratings) stimuli. CA release depended on which eye was illuminated. Electrodes passed tangentially through the striate area recorded release following visual stimulation of one eye or the other in succession, and the shift in eye dominance occurred at about 500 microns intervals. The magnitude of CA release was highly correlated with the ocular dominance of neuronal activity measured with tungsten microelectrodes. Light-stimulated release was not recorded in monkey area V2, V4, or somatosensory area 1, but was recorded in cat V2, suggesting that the presence of LGN afferents is associated with CA release. Results are discussed in terms of the role of geniculate activity and the specific role of CAs in cortical information processing.

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“…This approach requires highly sensitive assays to measure the low concentration of neuroactive substances in the perfusates. The development of high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) [1,21,26,30] represents a major advance in the field of CNS-neurotransmission, because this analytical tool allows rapid and accurate determinations of picomole concentra tions of several neurotransmitters in perfusates obtained from different brain sites in conscious, unrestrained animals [9,35,41] or from the lateral cerebral ventricles [39], Lately several papers including our own data indicate that the activity of dopaminergic nerve terminals of the nigrostriatal (NS-DA) system can be influenced by steroids and pituitary hormones [11,19,27,28,44]. Moreover, we have demonstrated that the responsivity of in vitro striatal fragments to amphetamine-evoked dopamine (DA) release markedly changes during the rat estrous cycle and following endocrine manipulations [6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo Output of Dopamine and Metabolites from the Rat Caudate Nucleus as Estimated with Push-Pull Perfusion On-Line with HPLC-EC in Unrestrained, Conscious Rats

et al. 1984

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In the present experiment we used push-pull perfusion (PPP) on-line with high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-EC) to measure the concentration of neuroactive substances collected in perfusates from the caudate nucleus (CN) of conscious, freely moving rats. To validate the suitability of such an approach, both chromatographic and biological procedures were used. The chromatographic performances of four pure standards, dopamine (DA), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), homovanillic acid (HVA) and 5-hydroxyindole acetic acid (5-HIAA) were examined under the conditions of the experiment and the release of these four chemicals by amphetamine (AMPH) locally infused into the CN or systemically administered to conscious rats used as an index of biological validation. Distinct dose-response curves were obtained for each standard injected into the HPLC-EC singly or mixed together in perfusion medium (modified Krebs-Ringer’s Phosphate, KRP, pH 7.4). Moreover, each standard in the chromatogram appeared as a well-defined elution band with a different retention time. The brain perfusate samples did not contain factors interfering with the normal operation of the HPLC-EC or measurement of the the concentration of added standards. The recovery of pure DA, DOPAC, 5-HIAA and HVA added to the perfusate samples was 97, 87, 98 and 114%, respectively. No decrements in peak heights were observed in the chromatograms when a 1-ng dose mixture of the four standards dissolved in medium and maintained at 4°C was injected into the HPLC-EC at regular intervals for a 60-min period after initial preparation. In addition, similar concentration levels of DA (8.03 ± 0.72 vs. 8.51 ± 0.62 ng/mg) were detected in male rat corpus striatum (CS) fragments extracted with either perfusion medium or with 0.1 VHCIO4; however, higher levels of DOPAC were found using perfusion medium than 0.1 N NClO₄ (1.85 ± 0.16 vs. 1.15 ± 0.15 ng/mg). To validate biologically the preparation, AMPH was infused either locally into the CN or administered systemically. Infusion of this psychostimulant directly into the CN of a diestrous rat evoked a clear dose-response in DA output (from a basal level of 10–15 pg/min to a maximum of 150 pg/min) without modifying HVA or 5-HIAA output. However, an apparent decrease in DOPAC output immediately following the 10^–6 M dose of AMPH was noticed. When two consecutive doses of AMPH (10^–3 M) were infused into the CN of a diestrous rat at 2-hour intervals, similar increases in DA output were recorded. The basal and AMPH-stimulated output of DA from the CN of proestrous and diestrous rats were also estimated by measuring the concentration of this amine in perfusate samples with an already validated radioenzymatic assay (REA). Comparable data was obtained (5–15 pg/min, DA basal output), corroborating the authenticity of DA determinations by HPLC-EC. In addition, when AMPH was administered intraperitoneally the expected changes in behavior and DA output were also obser...

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Electrochemical Detection Methods for Monoamine Measurements in Vitro and in Vivo

Cited by 65 publications

References 135 publications

Simultaneous real-time amperometric measurement of catecholamines and serotonin at carbon fibre ‘dident’ microelectrodes

Simultaneous real-time amperometric measurement of catecholamines and serotonin at carbon fibre ‘dident’ microelectrodes

Release of cortical catecholamines by visual stimulation requires activity in thalamocortical afferents of monkey and cat

In vivo Output of Dopamine and Metabolites from the Rat Caudate Nucleus as Estimated with Push-Pull Perfusion On-Line with HPLC-EC in Unrestrained, Conscious Rats

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