“…However, these approaches have drawbacks such as being time consuming, needing highly skilled personnel, and requiring the use of expensive instruments. Therefore, advanced approaches for the determination of pesticides were reported using sensor-based techniques such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) ( Lahrich et al, 2016 ), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) ( Farahi et al, 2014 , 2015 , 2016 ), square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) ( El Harmoudi et al, 2013 ), differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV) ( Elkasmi et al, 2016 ), and square wave voltammetry (SQW) ( Ajermoun et al, 2019 , 2020 ; El Harmoudi et al, 2017 ; El Mhammedi et al, 2010 ; El Mhammedi et al, 2007a , 2007b ; El Mhammedi et al, 2008 ; El Mhammedi et al, 2009 ). These electrochemical techniques are very sensitive and offer several advantages including low-cost, simplicity, rapid operation and low detection limits compared to the conventional chromatographic methods ( Laghrib et al, 2020 ).…”