Electrochemical pretreatment of heavy oil refinery wastewater using a three-dimensional electrode reactor

Graphene-modified Pd/C cathode and Pd/GAC particles for enhanced electrocatalytic removal of bromate in a continuous three-dimensional electrochemical reactor

“…It has been recognized that the removal rate of the target compounds could be enhanced by using three-dimensional electrode with extensive specific surface area, and thereby more sufficient reactive sites and electrons as compared to other conventional twodimensional electrodes (Kong et al, 2006;Mascia et al, 2012). In the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor, granular activated carbon (GAC) was frequently employed as the particle electrode owing to its fascinating features including low cost, chemical stability, and high surface area (Wei et al, 2010). The major drawback to GAC is the poor electrical conductivity, which would inevitably increase the energy consumption during the electrochemical process.…”

A Review of Electrocoagulation Process for Wastewater Treatment

“…Where the quantity of electrode material dissolved (w) in g /cm 2 ; applied current density (J) in mA/cm 2 ;electrolysis time (t) in s; m the relative molar mass of the electrode material under study; n the number of electrons in oxidation/reduction reaction; and F is Faraday's constant (96,500 C/mol).…”

“…Electrocoagulation (EC) finds its application in treating different types of process wastewater, for example electroplating wastewater [1], Heavy oil refinery [2], textile wastewater [3], [4], Dairy wastewater [5], Distillery wastewater [6], [7], Leachate wastewater [8], [9].In recent years EC process has successfully applied for the de-fluoridation of groundwater [10].…”

Electrochemical removal of haloacetic acids in a three-dimensional electrochemical reactor with Pd-GAC particles as fixed filler and Pd-modified carbon paper as cathode

“…Pdmodified carbon paper (Pd-C) cathode was used as cathode, which was prepared from PdCl 2 via electrodeposition onto carbon paper (Li et al, 2012). GAC was used as support of catalysts because of its low cost, high surface area and high hydrodehalogenation activity (Wei et al, 2010). The electrochemical removal of HHAs in a simulated drinking water using the three-dimensional electrochemical reactor was investigated.…”