Cell orientation is essential in many applications in
biology,
medicine, and chemistry, such as cellular injection, intracellular
biopsy, and genetic screening. However, the manual cell orientation
technique is a trial-and-error approach, which suffers from low efficiency
and low accuracy. Although several techniques have improved these
issues to a certain extent, they still face problems deforming or
disrupting cell membranes, physical damage to the intracellular structure,
and limited particle size. This study proposes a noncontact and noninvasive
cell orientation method that rotates a cell using surface acoustic
waves (SAWs). To realize the acoustic cell orientation process, we
have fabricated a microdevice consisting of two pairs of focused interdigital
transducers (FIDTs). Instead of rotating the entire cell, the proposed
method rotates the intracellular structure, the cytoplasm, directly
through the cell membrane by acoustic force. We have tested the rotational
manipulation process on 30 zebrafish embryos. The system was able
to orientate a cell to a target orientation with a one-time success
rate of 93%. Furthermore, the postoperation survival rate was 100%.
Our acoustic rotational manipulation technique is noninvasive and
easy to use, which provides a starting point for cell-manipulation-essential
tasks, such as single-cell analysis, organism studies, and drug discovery.