Electromechanical properties of calcium bismuth titanate films: A potential candidate for lead-free thin-film piezoelectrics

Abstract

Ca Bi 4 Ti 4 O 15 (CBTi144) thin films were evaluated for use as lead-free thin-film piezoelectrics in microelectromechanical systems. The films were grown by the polymeric precursor method on (100)Pt∕Ti∕SiO2∕Si substrates. The a∕b-axis orientation of the ferroelectric film is considered to be associated with the preferred orientation of the Pt bottom electrode. The Pr and Ec were 14μC∕cm2 and 64kV∕cm, respectively, for a maximum applied field of 400kV∕cm. The domain structure was investigated by piezoresponse force microscopy. The film has a piezoelectric coefficient, d33, equal to 60pm∕V and a current density of 0.7mA∕cm2.

Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis of barium strontium titanate nanoparticles

“…To reduce the surface energy, the primary particles have a tendency to form nearly spherical agglomerates, in a minimum surface to volume ratio and hence reducing surface free energy [29,28]. This type of grain structure is common in oxide, ferrite and titanate ceramics [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37]. This is a result of an abnormal/discontinuous grain growth and also called an exaggerated grain growth.…”

Piezoresponse force microscopy investigations of Aurivillius phase thin films

“…6 On increasing the number of perovskite layers ͑n͒, the microstructural, magnetic, and physical properties of the materials can be altered significantly. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Chemical doping of perovskite type materials, without producing a large decrease in their Curie temperature ͑T c ͒, has been useful in enhancing their electrical and magnetic properties. 9,[16][17][18][19][20] Mn 3+ doping has been reported to be effective for suppressing leakage current and improving the polarization switching properties of Bi 4 Ti 3 O 12 single crystals.…”

Ferroelectric characteristics of BiFeO3 thin films prepared via a simple chemical solution deposition

“…13 The overall process consists of preparing a coating solution based on metallic citrate polymerization. The precursor film is deposited by dip or spin coating and then treated to eliminate the organic material and synthesize the desired phase.…”