Electrophysiology of the Human Auditory System

Kraus, Nina; McGee, Therese

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2838-7_6

Cited by 44 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 268 publications

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“…However, differences of auditory evoked responses to repetitive stimuli between VM patients and MD patients are not known, although differential diagnosis of these two diseases is sometimes difficult. In this study, we tried to show differences of habituation (or potentiation) in the auditory middle latency response (AMLR) (16,17), which is one of the auditory evoked potentials in the central nervous system, between VM and MD. If the response patterns to repetitive stimuli are clearly different, observation of the difference might be applicable as a clinical test for differential diagnosis of the two diseases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Migraine Patients Show Lack of Habituation in Auditory Middle Latency Responses to Repetitive Stimuli: Comparison With Meniere's Disease Patients

2020

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Objectives: To compare habituation in auditory middle latency response (AMLR) to repetitive stimuli of vestibular migraine (VM) patients with Meniere's disease (MD) patients and healthy controls (HC) and to assess usefulness of AMLR for diagnosis of VM.Subjects: Thirteen unilateral definite MD patients (2 men, 11 women, mean age 50.6), 13 definite VM patients (3 men, 10 women, mean age 45.5), and 8 HC subjects (2 men, 6 women, mean age 37.1) were enrolled. Methods:The electrodes were placed on the vertex and the spinal process of the fifth cervical vertebra. Binaural click stimulation (0.1 ms, 70 dBnHL) was presented. A total of 800 responses were averaged. Averaged responses were divided into four sets (S1 to S4) according to the temporal order. No, Po, Na, and Pa were identified, and amplitudes and latencies were measured.Results: Concerning latencies, HC subjects showed a tendency of shorter latencies. However, there was no clear effect of repetitive stimulation. Concerning No-Po amplitudes, no significant differences were observed. Raw amplitudes of Na-Pa showed statistically significant differences in S1 and S2 among the groups (p < 0.01 one-way ANOVA). Differences were shown in MD vs. VM and HC vs. VM in S1 (smaller in VM) (p < 0.01 Bonferroni's test) and in MD vs. VM in S2 (smaller in VM) (p < 0.01 Bonferroni test). Relative amplitudes of Na-Pa to S1 showed statistically significant differences in S4 (p < 0.01 one-way ANOVA). Differences were shown in MD vs. VM and HC vs. VM (larger in VM) (p < 0.01 Bonferroni's test). Differences of Na-Pa amplitudes in S2 to S4 from Na-Pa amplitude in S1 were significant in S4 of VM patients (Dunnett's test).Conclusions: VM patients showed lack of habituation (potentiation) of Na-Pa amplitude in AMLR to repetitive stimuli while MD patients and HC subjects showed habituation. Observation of lack of habituation has high diagnostic accuracy for differential diagnosis of VM from MD.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vestibular Migraine Patients Show Lack of Habituation in Auditory Middle Latency Responses to Repetitive Stimuli: Comparison With Meniere's Disease Patients

2020

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“…The time‐course of transient synchronous neural activations is reflected as subsequent peaks in the averaged MEG or EEG response. The auditory brain stem responses (ABRs) are fairly stable across individuals and reflect the developmental stage of the subcortical auditory pathway (Hornickel & Kraus, ; Kraus & McGee, ; Starr & Amlie, ). Middle‐latency responses (MLR) and late auditory evoked potentials/fields (AEP/F) with mainly cortical origin are more variable in latency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children show hemispheric differences in the basic auditory response properties

Parviainen

Helenius

Salmelin

2019

Human Brain Mapping

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Auditory cortex in each hemisphere shows preference to sounds from the opposite hemifield in the auditory space. Besides this contralateral dominance, the auditory cortex shows functional and structural lateralization, presumably influencing the features of subsequent auditory processing. Children have been shown to differ from adults in the hemispheric balance of activation in higher‐order auditory based tasks. We studied, first, whether the contralateral dominance can be detected in 7‐ to 8‐year‐old children and, second, whether the response properties of auditory cortex in children differ between hemispheres. Magnetoencephalography (MEG) responses to simple tones revealed adult‐like contralateral preference that was, however, extended in time in children. Moreover, we found stronger emphasis towards mature response properties in the right than left hemisphere, pointing to faster maturation of the right‐hemisphere auditory cortex. The activation strength of the child‐typical prolonged response was significantly decreased with age, within the narrow age‐range of the studied child population. Our results demonstrate that although the spatial sensitivity to the opposite hemifield has emerged by 7 years of age, the population‐level neurophysiological response shows salient immature features, manifested particularly in the left hemisphere. The observed functional differences between hemispheres may influence higher‐level processing stages, for example, in language function.

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“…The detectability of the MLR is poorer in children than in adults, and this appears to be a result of the age dependence of MLR on the state of awareness. That is, it has been reported that in sleeping children Pa can be detected consistently in alpha sleep, stage 1 and REM sleep but disappears in stage 4 sleep [26], yet adults show only a small MLR amplitude reduction with sleep [34]. This finding has been interpreted as being consistent with a multigenerator hypothesis for the MLR with generators differing in sleep dependence and in maturational time course.…”

Section: Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 67%

Hearing as Reflected by Middle and Long Latency Event-Related Potentials

Jacobson¹,

Kraus²,

McGee³

1997

Advances in Oto-Rhino-Laryngology

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One of the few ways of obtaining neural information in humans is with evoked responses. Research in auditory evoked responses has gone through an evolution over the past 30 years. Initially, there was intense interest in the development of long latency responses (i.e. evoked responses with latencies exceeding 50 ms) as a method for 'objectively' assessing auditory system sensitivity. With the advent of more efficient computers, attention was focused on shorter latency responses beginning with the 'fast' responses (now referred to as middle latency responses) and then with the auditory brainstem response. The discovery of the auditory brainstem response brought forth an explosion of investigations that demonstrated the usefulness of this response for assessment of auditory system sensitivity and the transmission capabilities of the pontine auditory pathways. The bulk of these investigations occurred between 1975 and 1985. Beginning in the early 1980s and continuing today there has been renewed interest in both the middle and long latency auditory evoked responses and the nonmodality-specific endogenous responses. Interest in these electrical events with longer latencies is rooted in the knowledge that they originate from more rostral structures (midbrain, thalamus, cortex), and thus, provide us with information about auditory processing at a higher level than can be assessed with the auditory brainstem response. That is, these longer 1 Portions of this chapter were modified from references 34, 137, 244 and 245.

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Electrophysiology of the Human Auditory System

Cited by 44 publications

References 268 publications

Vestibular Migraine Patients Show Lack of Habituation in Auditory Middle Latency Responses to Repetitive Stimuli: Comparison With Meniere's Disease Patients

Vestibular Migraine Patients Show Lack of Habituation in Auditory Middle Latency Responses to Repetitive Stimuli: Comparison With Meniere's Disease Patients

Children show hemispheric differences in the basic auditory response properties

Hearing as Reflected by Middle and Long Latency Event-Related Potentials

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