Element partitioning in low-carbon Si2Mn2CrMoVNb TRIP-assisted steel in intercritical temperature range

Ефременко, В. Г.; Kussa, Roman; Petryshynets, Ivan; Shimizu, Kazumichi; Kromka, František; Zurnadzhy, V. І.; Gavrilova, V. G.

doi:10.36547/ams.26.3.554

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…One of the main issues of TRIP steels is strong elastic recovery, also known as springback, which occurs after forming. [4,5]. The bending process is one of the most utilized manufacturing technologies and it represents plastic deformation of the material which occurs when the bending moment is applied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Material Models in the Fem Simulation on the Springback Prediction of the Trip Steel

Mulidrán

Spišák²,

Tomáš³

et al. 2021

Acta Metall Slovaca

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In this work, the influence of material models used in the FEM simulation on the springback prediction is investigated. The interest of this paper is to extend the knowledge base regarding springback predictions in numerical simulation. The springback effect of a V-shaped sheet metal part made of TRIP steel, with a thickness of 0.75 mm was investigated. The bending angle was set to 90°. In the numerical simulation, Hill48 and Barlat yield criteria were used in combination with Ludwik's and Swift's hardening models. Achieved data from the numerical simulations were compared and evaluated with experimental test results. The experimental results showed the relation between springback and calibration force. The effect of specimen cut direction on the springback was smaller in comparison with the calibration force. The numerical results of the springback were not identical with the experimentally achieved springback values in most cases. Particularly, when a calibration force of 1 800 N was used in the simulation. The simulation results showed a good correlation between experimental and numerical results, when Hill48 and Barlat yield criteria were used in combination with Ludwik hardening law and calibration force F with the value 900 N was applied.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Material Models in the Fem Simulation on the Springback Prediction of the Trip Steel

Mulidrán

Spišák²,

Tomáš³

et al. 2021

Acta Metall Slovaca

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“…We assume a different mechanism of hardening and plastic deformation than in low-carbon and low-alloy steels. Different materials, therefore, behave differently and have certain specific properties in elastic and plastic deformation [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Thickness Analysis of TRIP Steel under Various Degrees of Deformation in Bulge Test

et al. 2022

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To design a reliable forming process it is necessary to determine the mechanical and formability properties of the processed material, which are used as input parameters for forming simulations. High-strength steel is irreplaceable as a material for producing the deformation zones of current automobiles. This type of steel can be processed by conventional or unconventional forming methods. In the sheet forming process, the material is usually under uniaxial and biaxial stress. The bulge test is utilized for determination of biaxial stress–strain curves, which are often used as input material data for forming simulations. In this work, numerical simulations of bulge tests using TRIP RAK 40/70 steel were performed to study the impact of yield criteria and hardening laws on the accuracy of thickness prediction of the deformed steel sheet. Additionally, the impact of different solvers and integration schemes on the thickness prediction was tested. Furthermore, the impact of various degrees of deformation (various dome heights) on thickness prediction accuracy was evaluated. Numerical results showed a good correlation with experimental data. When the Hill90 yield criterion was used, the software with implicit solver was more accurate in predicting thickness compared to software with explicit integration scheme, in most cases. In addition, the thickness prediction of parts with lower deformation was more accurate compared to parts with greater deformation (higher dome height).

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“…The variation in T A aimed to obtain different (vol.%) austenite/ferrite ratios before the austempering holding. The positions of critical points Ac 1 (760 • C) and Ac 3 (930 • C) previously discovered for the steel under study [33] were used to select the appropriate values of T A . Accordingly, austenitization was performed at 770 • C, 830 • C, and 900 • C, corresponding to 50%F + 50%A (at 770 • C), 25%F + 75%A (at 830 • C), and 5%F + 95%A (at 900 • C) [33].…”

Section: Heat Treatment Mode Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The positions of critical points Ac 1 (760 • C) and Ac 3 (930 • C) previously discovered for the steel under study [33] were used to select the appropriate values of T A . Accordingly, austenitization was performed at 770 • C, 830 • C, and 900 • C, corresponding to 50%F + 50%A (at 770 • C), 25%F + 75%A (at 830 • C), and 5%F + 95%A (at 900 • C) [33]. Furthermore, to ensure 100% austenite before the austempering holding, 950 • C was chosen as the austenitizing temperature.…”

Section: Heat Treatment Mode Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative Approach for the Intercritical Annealing of (Cr, Mo, V)-Alloyed TRIP-Assisted Steel before Austempering

Zurnadzhy

Ефременко

Petryshynets

et al. 2022

Metals

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TRIP-assisted С-Si-Mn steels are usually subjected to austempering with a preliminary intercritical annealing that is targeted at the multi-phase structure with 40–60 vol.% of proeutectoid ferrite. The kinetics and the mechanism of phase-structural transformations can be impacted due to the additional alloying of TRIP-assisted steel by the strong carbide forming elements, thus necessitating an alternative approach for the selection of intercritical annealing parameters. This issue is analyzed in the present work, which investigates the effect of the temperature of intercritical annealing on the “structure/properties” correlations in 0.2 wt.% C-Si-Mn-Nb steel additionally alloyed by 0.55 wt.% Cr, 0.20% Mo, and 0.11 wt.% V. The annealing temperature ranged from 770 °C to 950 °C, and austempering was performed at 350 °C for 20 min. It was observed that the addition of the (Cr, Mo, and V) complex significantly improved the steel hardenability. However, the annealing of steel at 770 °C (to gain 50 vol.% of proeutectoid ferrite) resulted in the precipitation of coarse cementite lamellas during bainite transformation, thus lowering the amount of retained austenite (RA) and decreasing the strength and ductility of the steel. At higher annealing temperatures, carbide-free bainite was formed, which presented a 2.5–3.5 times increase in the RA volume fraction and a 1.5 times increase in the RA carbon content. The optimal combination of the mechanical properties (UTS of 1040 MPa, TEL of 23%, V-notch impact toughness of 95 J/cm2, PSE of 23.9 GPa·%) referred to annealing at a temperature close to the Ac3 point, resulting in a structure with 5 vol.% ferrite and 9 vol.% RA (the residue was carbide-free bainite). This structure presented an extended manifestation of the TRIP effect with an enhanced strain hardening rate due to strain-induced martensite transformation. The impact of the alloying elements on the carbon activity in austenite served as the basis for the analysis of structure formation.

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Element partitioning in low-carbon Si2Mn2CrMoVNb TRIP-assisted steel in intercritical temperature range

Cited by 4 publications

References 34 publications

The Effect of Material Models in the Fem Simulation on the Springback Prediction of the Trip Steel

The Effect of Material Models in the Fem Simulation on the Springback Prediction of the Trip Steel

Experimental and Numerical Thickness Analysis of TRIP Steel under Various Degrees of Deformation in Bulge Test

Alternative Approach for the Intercritical Annealing of (Cr, Mo, V)-Alloyed TRIP-Assisted Steel before Austempering

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