ELISA and fecal culture for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease): sensitivity and specificity of each method

Whitlock, Robert H.; Wells, Scott J.; Sweeney, Raymond W.; Tiem, J. van

doi:10.1016/s0378-1135(00)00324-2

Cited by 335 publications

(333 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Kim et al (2004) assumed that faecal culture was an ineffective method for the detection of low bacterial shedders and according to Whitlock et al (2000) the sensitivity of the method for such animals may be as low as 33%. Giese and Ahrens (2000) established 100 CFU/g faeces as a detection limit for culture examination.…”

Section: Culture Examination Of Faecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis in tissues of naturally infected cattle as affected by age

Hasoňová¹,

Trcka²,

Babák³

et al. 2009

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The objectives of this study were to investigate Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) distribution in various tissues, in faeces and in milk samples from 131 animals originating from one imported Jersey cattle herd from Denmark. MAP was detected by culture in 37.4% animals. Massive MAP growth was most often observed in the small intestines (48 animals). The lowest levels of MAP were found in spleen and mammary gland samples. MAP was detected in the faeces of 8.4% animals; however, milk samples were MAP negative by culture. The highest prevalence of MAP infection (42.9%) was in age Group B (1.6 to 3 years) and the lowest (6.1%) in group D (more than 8 years). Seven positive calves were detected in the youngest age group; one of them was less than one month of age, which could imply an intrauterine infection. MAP shedding in faeces by a five-month-old calf was also confirmed. The IS900 RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) type B-C1 was identified in all animals.

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Section: Culture Examination Of Faecesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis in tissues of naturally infected cattle as affected by age

Hasoňová¹,

Trcka²,

Babák³

et al. 2009

Vet. Med. - Czech

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“…It is generally assumed that poor diagnostic-test sensitivity [13] leading to incomplete culling where some infectious animals remain in the herd and environmental persistence of MAP bacteria [14,15] contribute to the sustained prevalence of MAP in herds despite intervention attempts. However, our previous series of mathematical models indicated that, with current assumptions of shedding patterns, infectious contributions of adult shedders alone were insufficient to explain infection persistence and the observed pattern of infection prevalence [16].…”

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confidence: 99%

A meta-analysis of the effect of dose and age at exposure on shedding ofMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(MAP) in experimentally infected calves and cows

et al. 2011

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SUMMARYA meta-analysis was performed using all published and one unpublished long-term infection-challenge experiments to quantify the age- and dose-dependence of early and late shedding of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in cattle. There were 194 animals from 17 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria, of which 173 received a known dose of MAP and 21 were exposed naturally. Results from parametric time-to-event models indicated that challenging older calves or using multiple-exposure experimental systems resulted in a smaller proportion and shorter duration of early shedding as well as slower transition to late shedding from latent compartments. Calves exposed naturally showed variable infection progression rates, not dissimilar to other infection routes. The log-normal distribution was most appropriate for modelling infection-progression events. The infection pattern revealed by the modelling allowed better understanding of low-grade endemicity of MAP in cattle, and the parameter estimates are the basis for future transmission dynamics modelling.

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“…All the animals were tested (s = 1) through pooled fecal culture, which was assumed to have a perfect specificity (SP = 1) and a sensitivity (SE) of 0.33 [13,20]. The duration of the scheme (d) was four years.…”

Section: Parameterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the identification of herds at low risk to be infected is difficult for two main reasons. First, diagnostic tests to detect paratuberculosis-infected cattle have a poor negative predictive value due to a low sensitivity of tests [20]. Cattle remain sub-clinical for a long time after infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A modeling study on the sustainability of a certification-and-monitoring program for paratuberculosis in cattle

et al. 2005

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-Certification-and-monitoring programs for paratuberculosis are based on repetitive herd testing to establish a herd's health status. The available tests have poor sensitivity. Infected but undetected herds may remain among certified "paratuberculosis-free" herds. The objective was to determine if truly free herds acquire a certified status and keep it over time when infected but undetected herds remain. The Dutch program was used as a basis to construct a mechanistic deterministic model of the evolution over 25 years of the number of herds per health status. Three health states for herds were defined: not detected as infected in the certification process to obtain a free status; not detected as infected by any of the repetitive tests for monitoring the certified free status; detected as infected. Among undetected herds, two types were defined: truly free versus undetected but infected. Transitions between states were due to the purchase of an infected animal, infection via the environment, clearance via culling or sales, detection of an infected animal, and certification. A sensitivity analysis was carried out. We showed that -for a 100% specific test only -most of the truly free herds at the beginning of the program got a certified free status and kept it over time. Most infected herds were either detected as infected or cleared. The number of certified truly free herds increased with a decrease in the animal-level prevalence or in the risk of purchasing an infected cattle, for example by restricting purchases to cattle from herds at the highest level of certification. dairy cattle / paratuberculosis / certification / modeling

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ELISA and fecal culture for paratuberculosis (Johne's disease): sensitivity and specificity of each method

Cited by 335 publications

References 10 publications

Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis in tissues of naturally infected cattle as affected by age

Distribution of Mycobacterium avium subsp.paratuberculosis in tissues of naturally infected cattle as affected by age

A meta-analysis of the effect of dose and age at exposure on shedding ofMycobacterium aviumsubspeciesparatuberculosis(MAP) in experimentally infected calves and cows

A modeling study on the sustainability of a certification-and-monitoring program for paratuberculosis in cattle

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