Emended description of the genus Phyllobacterium and description of four novel species associated with plant roots: Phyllobacterium bourgognense sp. nov., Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense sp. nov., Phyllobacterium leguminum sp. nov. and Phyllobacterium brassicacearum sp. nov.

Abstract

Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from the rhizoplane of Brassica napus in France and from root nodules of Argyrolobium uniflorum, Astragalus algerianus and Lathyrus numidicus growing in the infra-arid zone of southern Tunisia. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the seven isolates belong to the Alphaproteobacteria and are related to Phyllobacterium myrsinacearum strains. The isolates formed three clusters; clusters A and C consist of Tunisian strains, whereas cluster B consists of two strains from Brassica napus from France. Phylogenetic reconstruction based on the atpD gene strongly supports their affiliation to the genus Phyllobacterium. DNA–DNA hybridizations revealed that (i) none of the isolates belong to the species P. myrsinacearum, (ii) clusters A and C represent two distinct genomospecies and (iii) the two strains of cluster B represent two separate genomospecies. Distinctive phenotypic features were deduced from numerical analysis of phenotypic data. Based on this polyphasic approach, four novel species are proposed: Phyllobacterium leguminum sp. nov. (type strain ORS 1419T=CFBP 6745T=LMG 22833T), Phyllobacterium ifriqiyense sp. nov. (type strain STM 370T=CFBP 6742T=LMG 22831T), Phyllobacterium brassicacearum sp. nov. (type strain STM 196T=CFBP 5551T=LMG 22836T) and Phyllobacterium bourgognense sp. nov. (type strain STM 201T=CFBP 5553T=LMG 22837T). The description of the genus Phyllobacterium is emended accordingly.

A large diversity of non-rhizobial endophytes found in legume root nodules in Flanders (Belgium)

“…However, in our study no symbiosis or nitrogen fixation related genes were detected for the isolates of this genus. Some genera including, Arthrobacter, Microbacterium, Rhodococcus, Sphingomonas, Bacillus, Cohnella, Pseudomonas and Herbaspirillum, were previously reported from root nodules of several legume species (Sturz et al, 1997;Mantelin et al, 2006;Zakhia et al, 2006;Putnam and Miller, 2007;Zurdo-Pineiro et al, 2007;Palaniappan et al, 2010). Other bacterial genera encountered, including Pantoea, Corynebacterium, Chryseobacterium, Sphingomonas and Xanthomonas, were described previously as endophytes in certain plant tissues including legume plant tissue (Burch and Sarathchandra, 2006).…”

“…In the absence of positive nodulation tests, they can be regarded as non-rhizobial endophytes (NRE). These include i.a., Alphaproteobacteria (Aminobacter (Estrella et al, 2009), Ochrobactrum (Zurdo-Pineiro et al, 2007Imran et al, 2010), Methylobacterium (Palaniappan et al, 2010), Devosia (Bautista et al, 2010) and Phyllobacterium (Mantelin et al, 2006)), Betaproteobacteria (Herbaspirillum (Valverde et al, 2003) and Shinella (Lin et al, 2008)), Gammaproteobacteria (Pantoea, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas (Benhizia et al, 2004;Ibañez et al ., 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 R-40421, R-45534, R-45535, R-45537, R-45540, R-45543, 23,30,161,170,188,303,362,375,376,377,378,380,420,421,422,423,424,425,432,…”

Variations in airborne bacterial communities at high altitudes over the Noto Peninsula (Japan) in response to Asian dust events

“…Proteobacteria members were the dominate species in the atmosphere over mountains (Bowers et al, 2012;Vaïtilingom et al, 2012;Temkiv et al, 2012), in the air samples collected on a tower (Fahlgren et al, 2010), and from the troposphere (DeLeon-Rodriguez et al, 2013;Kourtev et al, 2011). In the phylum proteobacteria, the families Phyllobacteriaceae, Methylobacteriaceae, and Xanthomonadaceae were predominately detected from the non-dust samples and are associated with plant bodies or surfaces (Mantelin et al, 2006;Fürnkranz et al, 2008;Khan and Doty, 2009;Fierer and Lennon, 2011). The Betaproteobacteria sequences in the non-dust samples mainly contained the Oxalobacteraceae and Comamonadaceae families, which are commonly dominate in freshwater environments (Nold and Zwart, 1998) and on plant leaves (Redford et al, 2010).…”

Tianweitania sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Phyllobacteriaceae, isolated from subsurface sediment core

“…Esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), b-galactosidase, a-mannosidase, acid phosphatase and naphthol-AS-BIphosphohydrolase activities are present, but alkaline phosphatase, lipase (C14), leucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, trypsin, a-galactosidase, b-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase, a-glucosidase, b-glucosidase, cystine arylamidase, chymotrypsin and b-fucosidase Table 1. Differential characteristics between strain Z8 T and related genera in the family Phyllobacteriaceae Taxa: 1, strain Z8 T ; 2, Phyllobacterium (Valverde et al, 2005;Mantelin et al, 2006;Yabe et al, 2012;Flores-Félix et al, 2013;Sánchez et al, 2014);3, Mesorhizobium (de Lajudie et al, 1998;Han et al, 2008;Zhou et al, 2010;Yabe et al, 2012); 4, Aquamicrobium (Lipski & Kämpfer, 2012;Yabe et al, 2012;Wu et al, 2014); 5, Nitratireductor (Labbé et al, 2004;Kang et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2009;Yabe et al, 2012); 6, Aminobacter (Urakami et al, 1992;Maynaud et al, 2012;Yabe et al, 2012);…”