Emerging multi-pathogen disease caused by Didymella bryoniae and pathogenic bacteria on Styrian oil pumpkin

Grube, Martín; Fürnkranz, Michael; Zitzenbacher, Sabine; Huss, Herbert; Berg, Gabriele

doi:10.1007/s10658-011-9829-8

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…; Grube et al. ; Laine ). Third, coinfection of the same leaf may represent an outcome of pathogen cotransmission (Alizon ; Susi et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Second, the first arriving strain may increase the probability of infection of the same leaf by later arriving strains when the first arriving strain has suppressed local resistance responses. Hence, host tissue that already support infection may become more infected during the epidemic period (Telfer et al 2010;Grube et al 2011;Laine 2011). Third, coinfection of the same leaf may represent an outcome of pathogen cotransmission (Alizon 2013;Susi et al 2015b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host resistance and pathogen aggressiveness are key determinants of coinfection in the wild

Susi¹,

Laine²

2017

Evolution

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Coinfection, whereby the same host is infected by more than one pathogen strain, may favor faster host exploitation rates as strains compete for the same limited resources. Hence, coinfection is expected to have major consequences for pathogen evolution, virulence, and epidemiology. Theory predicts genetic variation in host resistance and pathogen infectivity to play a key role in how coinfections are formed. The limited number of studies available has demonstrated coinfection to be a common phenomenon, but little is known about how coinfection varies in space, and what its determinants are. Our aim is to understand how variation in host resistance and pathogen infectivity and aggressiveness contribute to how coinfections are formed in the interaction between fungal pathogen Podosphaera plantaginis and Plantago lanceolata. Our phenotyping study reveals that more aggressive strains are more likely to form coinfections than less aggressive strains in the natural populations. In the natural populations most of the variation in coinfection is found at the individual plant level, and results from a common garden study confirm the prevalence of coinfection to vary significantly among host genotypes. These results show that genetic variation in both the host and pathogen populations are key determinants of coinfection in the wild.

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“…; Grube et al. ; Laine ). Third, coinfection of the same leaf may represent an outcome of pathogen cotransmission (Alizon ; Susi et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host resistance and pathogen aggressiveness are key determinants of coinfection in the wild

Susi¹,

Laine²

2017

Evolution

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“…E. amylovora, E. tracheiphila )2728. Although the function of these potentially pathogenic bacteria in FOC-infested banana plants is unclear, research especially on multi-pathogen diseases showed that bacteria can use the mycelium of fungal pathogens for translocation29. Pathogenic fungi like FOC in banana may eventually pave the way for rapid access of pathogenic bacteria to the plant tissue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Members of Gammaproteobacteria as indicator species of healthy banana plants on Fusarium wilt-infested fields in Central America

Köberl

Dita

Martinuz³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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103

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Culminating in the 1950’s, bananas, the world’s most extensive perennial monoculture, suffered one of the most devastating disease epidemics in history. In Latin America and the Caribbean, Fusarium wilt (FW) caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (FOC), forced the abandonment of the Gros Michel-based export banana industry. Comparative microbiome analyses performed between healthy and diseased Gros Michel plants on FW-infested farms in Nicaragua and Costa Rica revealed significant shifts in the gammaproteobacterial microbiome. Although we found substantial differences in the banana microbiome between both countries and a higher impact of FOC on farms in Costa Rica than in Nicaragua, the composition especially in the endophytic microhabitats was similar and the general microbiome response to FW followed similar rules. Gammaproteobacterial diversity and community members were identified as potential health indicators. Healthy plants revealed an increase in potentially plant-beneficial Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas, while diseased plants showed a preferential occurrence of Enterobacteriaceae known for their plant-degrading capacity. Significantly higher microbial rhizosphere diversity found in healthy plants could be indicative of pathogen suppression events preventing or minimizing disease expression. This first study examining banana microbiome shifts caused by FW under natural field conditions opens new perspectives for its biological control.

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“…Parasitic organisms may chemically or mechanically affect the growth, reproduction or transmission of their coinfecting counterparts (e.g. Grube et al, 2011;Hawlena et al, 2010). Coinfecting parasites may also interact indirectly through bottom-up mechanisms such as exploitative competition or by producing substances that aid in resource exploitation (Poulin, 2001;Ramiro et al, 2016;Wale et al, 2017;West and Buckling, 2003) or through top-down mechanisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The dynamics between limited-term and lifelong coinfecting bacterial parasites in wild rodent hosts

Eidelman

Cohen

Navarro-Castilla

et al. 2019

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Interactions between coinfecting parasites may take various forms, either direct or indirect, facilitative or competitive, and may be mediated by either bottom-up or top-down mechanisms. Although each form of interaction leads to different evolutionary and ecological outcomes, it is challenging to tease them apart throughout the infection period. To establish the first step towards a mechanistic understanding of the interactions between coinfecting limited-term bacterial parasites and lifelong bacterial parasites, we studied the coinfection of Bartonella sp. (limited-term) and Mycoplasma sp. (lifelong), which commonly co-occur in wild rodents. We infected Bartonella-and Mycoplasma-free rodents with each species, and simultaneously with both, and quantified the infection dynamics and host responses. Bartonella benefited from the interaction; its infection load decreased more slowly in coinfected rodents than in rodents infected with Bartonella alone. There were no indications for bottomup effects, but coinfected rodents experienced various changes, depending on the infection stage, in their body mass, stress levels and activity pattern, which may further affect bacterial replication and transmission. Interestingly, the infection dynamics and changes in the average coinfected rodent traits were more similar to the chronic effects of Mycoplasma infection, whereas coinfection uniquely impaired the host's physiological and behavioral stability. These results suggest that parasites with distinct life history strategies may interact, and their interaction may be asymmetric, non-additive, multifaceted and dynamic through time. Because multiple, sometimes contrasting, forms of interactions are simultaneously at play and their relative importance alternates throughout the course of infection, the overall outcome may change under different ecological conditions.

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Emerging multi-pathogen disease caused by Didymella bryoniae and pathogenic bacteria on Styrian oil pumpkin

Cited by 26 publications

References 17 publications

Host resistance and pathogen aggressiveness are key determinants of coinfection in the wild

Host resistance and pathogen aggressiveness are key determinants of coinfection in the wild

Members of Gammaproteobacteria as indicator species of healthy banana plants on Fusarium wilt-infested fields in Central America

The dynamics between limited-term and lifelong coinfecting bacterial parasites in wild rodent hosts

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