Emerging Nanosensing Strategies for Heavy Metal Detection

Varun, S.; Daniel, S.C.G. Kiruba

doi:10.1002/9781119323655.ch7

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 66 publications

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“…There have been major advancements recently in technologies for in situ metal concentration monitoring, mostly based on the following technologies: voltammetry (Holmes et al 2018;Wu et al 2019), aptasensors (Varun and Daniel 2018), near infrared (Iqbal et al 2017), fluorescence and colorimetric (Guo et al 2019;Tan et al 2016), colorimetric microfluidic (Xie et al 2019), optical fibre-based sensors (Kopitzke and Geissinger 2014). Among existing commercial anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV)-based analysers, there are PDV6000ultra and Metalyser ® Portable HM1000, developed by Trace 2 O and Modern Water, respectively, that offers portability, multimetal detection and relative fast measurement time (Barton et al 2016).…”

Section: Metal Pollution and Monitoring Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalised microwave sensors for real-time monitoring of copper and zinc concentration in mining-impacted water

Frau

Wylie

Byrne

et al. 2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Microwave spectroscopy has been identified as a novel and inexpensive method for the monitoring of water pollutants. Integrating microwave sensors with developed coatings is a novel strategy to make the sensing system more specific for a target contaminant. This study describes the determination of copper and zinc concentration in water in both laboratory-prepared and acquired mine water samples from two abandoned mining areas in Wales, UK. Uncoated sensors immersed in samples spiked with 1.25 mg/L concentrations of copper and zinc, using the standard addition method, were able to quantify the concentration at 0.44 GHz with a strong linear correlation (R2 = 0.99) for the reflection coefficient magnitude (|S11|). Functionalised microwave sensors with l-cysteine, chitosan and bismuth zinc cobalt oxide-based coatings have shown improvement in the sensing performance. Specifically, the linear correlation at 0.91–1.00 GHz between |S11| and a polluted water sample spiked with Cu showed a higher (R2 = 0.98), sensitivity (1.65 ΔdB/mg/L) and quality factor (135) compared with uncoated sensors (R2 = 0.88, sensitivity of 0.82 ΔdB/mg/L and Q-factor 30.7). A Lorentzian peak fitting function was applied for performing advanced multiple peak analysis and identifying the changes in the resonant frequency peaks which are related to the change in metal ion content. This novel sensor platform offers the possibility of in situ monitoring of toxic metal concentrations in mining-impacted water, and multiple peak features, such as area, full width half maximum, centre and height of the peaks, have the possibility to offer higher specificity for similar toxic metals, as between copper and zinc ions.

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Section: Metal Pollution and Monitoring Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalised microwave sensors for real-time monitoring of copper and zinc concentration in mining-impacted water

Frau

Wylie

Byrne

et al. 2019

Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Carbohydrates as Nano Sensors for Food Quality and Safety

et al. 2021

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Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) are a special type of nanostructure characterized for their low toxicity, environmentally friendliness, and ease of manufacture from varied carbon sources like carbohydrates. This carbon source is abundant in natural products and organic wastes, and it is suitable to be used in food applications like nano sensors for food quality and safety. Indeed, CQDs are foreseen as a potential new type of practical and unexpensive sensor to detect harmful substances commonly found in food. Limits of detection (LOD) of CQDs nano sensors have reached concentration level standards established by European Food Safety Authority for additives and heavy metals; nevertheless, for pathogens, safe limits of LOD are still not achieved. This study aims to carry out a review of CQDs obtained from carbohydrates of natural products and organic wastes as well as to describe their performance as sensors of additives, pathogens, and heavy metals in food quality and safety.

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