Emerging single‐atom catalysts in electrochemical biosensing

Abstract

Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) have attracted extensive interest owing to their maximized atomic utilization, low cost as well as outstanding catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability for diverse applications. Due to their excellent performance in electrocatalysis, SACs can be applied to electrochemical sensors, which have been a predominant tool employed in biosensing. In very recent studies, SAC‐based electrochemical biosensors have demonstrated enhanced sensing performances in biomarker detection and in vivo analysis. However, a comprehensive review of SAC‐based electrochemical biosensors has not been reported yet. Herein, we present a summary of the synthesis methods of SACs with their application in electrochemical sensor establishment and electrochemical characterization methods in electrochemical sensing. Biomedical applications utilizing SAC‐based electrochemical biosensors are introduced. Finally, the existing challenges and future prospects of SACs in the field of electrochemical biosensing are discussed.

Pt/NiFe-LDH hybrids for quantification and qualification of polyphenols

“…In addition, the Pt/NiFe-LDH nanohybrids yielded a 17-fold enhancement over the typical nanozyme Fe 3 O 4 , which has a reported activity of 1.958 U/mg and is currently utilized in clinical applications such as biosensing, anti-bacterial, and cancer therapy [ 29 ]. Both the components and morphologies decide the catalytic properties of nanozymes [ 36 , 37 ]. In terms of components, both Pt NPs and NiFe-LDH possess intrinsic peroxidase-like activity individually.…”

Structure Regulation of Single‐atom Catalysts for Electrocatalytic Sensing

“…[87] Versatile supports such as specifically dimensional carbon based materials, metals and transition metal oxides/sulfides/ nitrous/hydroxides, which can improve the conductivity of the working electrode while obtaining a high BET surface area. [88] High metal atomic utilization enables abundant and active metal-support interface uniformly distribute on the surface of catalysts, resulting in improved activity and selectivity of electrocatalytic sensing. Thus, comparing to metal NPs materials, SACs have richer chemical properties; while for natural enzyme materials, besides stability, more importantly, the structures of SACs are adjustable, fully demonstrating the structure-properties relationship for various electrocatalytic sensing systems.…”

Signal Amplification Strategy Design in Nanozyme‐Based Biosensors for Highly Sensitive Detection of Trace Biomarkers

“…[ 117,156 ] Single‐atom nanozymes, which achieve optimal atomic utilization, excellent stability, and a clear catalytic mechanism have the potential to overcome many limitations associated with conventional nanozymes and the aforementioned dopant objects. [ 116,157 ]…”

“…[35,156] Moreover, heteroatom doping can lower the energy barrier of the active intermediate and increase the catalytic activity by altering the coordination environment, as demonstrated by the case of B-atom doped Zn-N-C. [117,156] Single-atom nanozymes, which achieve optimal atomic utilization, excellent stability, and a clear catalytic mechanism have the potential to overcome many limitations associated with conventional nanozymes and the aforementioned dopant objects. [116,157]…”