2003
DOI: 10.1016/s0168-6445(03)00052-4
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Emerging themes in manganese transport, biochemistry and pathogenesis in bacteria

Abstract: Though an essential trace element, manganese is generally accorded little importance in biology other than as a cofactor for some free radical detoxifying enzymes and in the photosynthetic photosystem II. Only a handful of other Mn2+-dependent enzymes are known. Recent data, primarily in bacteria, suggest that Mn2+-dependent processes may have significantly greater physiological importance. Two major classes of prokaryotic Mn2+ uptake systems have now been described, one homologous to eukaryotic Nramp transpor… Show more

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Cited by 261 publications
(282 citation statements)
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References 268 publications
(307 reference statements)
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“…Although, 1.5 mM is a concentration of manganese much more higher than the intracellular concentration of 10 μM usually assumed in the literature, [17] the Mn 2+ uptake systems of Enterobacteria can increase the cytoplasmic concentration of Mn 2+ over at least two orders of magnitude up to 1-3 mM on a time scale as short as a minute. [17,18] Therefore, the cytoplasmic concentration of Mn 2+ could act as a real switch that turn the kinase activity off when the cyclase activity raises the maximum. It seems to be logical to assume that the promiscuous activities may occur in the ATP binding site of DHAK, owing to the structural similarities between ATP and FAD.…”
mentioning
confidence: 74%
“…Although, 1.5 mM is a concentration of manganese much more higher than the intracellular concentration of 10 μM usually assumed in the literature, [17] the Mn 2+ uptake systems of Enterobacteria can increase the cytoplasmic concentration of Mn 2+ over at least two orders of magnitude up to 1-3 mM on a time scale as short as a minute. [17,18] Therefore, the cytoplasmic concentration of Mn 2+ could act as a real switch that turn the kinase activity off when the cyclase activity raises the maximum. It seems to be logical to assume that the promiscuous activities may occur in the ATP binding site of DHAK, owing to the structural similarities between ATP and FAD.…”
mentioning
confidence: 74%
“…The recognized roles of manganese in bacterial physiology are steadily growing (31). Proper uptake of manganese through SitABCD transporter homologs of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium and S. pyogenes has been shown to be required for full virulence of these pathogens (7,29).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Accordingly, the (p)ppGpp 0 strain accumulated 65% more Mn than the parent strain when Mn was provided in the growth media. Of note, even small increases in intracellular Mn levels can significantly alter the activity of several metabolic enzymes, including those that contribute to central carbon flux (13,42). Because the (p)ppGpp 0 strain is unable to maintain a balanced metabolism, it produces significantly larger amounts of H 2 O 2 and superoxide as by-products of its normal metabolism (Fig.…”
Section: Linkage Of (P)ppgpp and Metal Homeostasismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Despite being an essential micronutrient, intracellular Fe levels must be tightly controlled to avoid the deleterious effects of hydroxyl radicals that are generated via the Fenton reaction (12). While Mn is also involved in DNA synthesis and in a number of other metabolic pathways, the role of this transition metal has been largely attributed to oxidative stress tolerance because it is not subjected to Fenton chemistry, it serves as the cofactor of Mn-dependent superoxide dismutases (MnSOD), and it may substitute for Fe as the cofactor in a variety of Fe-binding enzymes (9,(13)(14)(15)(16). This is especially true for lactic acid bacteria such as E. faecalis, since members of this group are thought to require higher intracellular amounts of Mn to protect themselves from metabolically generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) (14).…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%