Emissions from biomass burning in the Yucatan

Yokelson, R. J.; Crounse, J. D.; DeCarlo, P. F.; Karl, T.; Urbanski, S. P.; Atlas, Elliot L.; Campos, T.; Shinozuka, Y.; Kapustin, V. N.; Clarke, A. D.; Weinheimer, A. J.; Knapp, D. J.; Montzka, D. D.; Holloway, J. S.; Weibring, Petter; Flocke, Frank; Zheng, Weiwei; Toohey, D. W.; Wennberg, P. O.; Wiedinmyer, Christine; Mauldin, L.; Fried, Alan; Richter, Dirk; Walega, J.; Jimenez, José L.; Adachi, Kouji; Buseck, Peter R.; Hall, Samuel R.; Shetter, R. E.

doi:10.5194/acp-9-5785-2009

Cited by 497 publications

(680 citation statements)

References 97 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

617

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the trend of increasing f 44 in fresh plumes suggests that this processing can occur over very short timescales under certain atmospheric conditions. Rapid oxidation of BB smoke plumes has previously been inferred from the addition of secondary OA mass within ∼ 1 h of emission Yokelson et al, 2009), corroborating the BORTAS trend. Values of f 44 coinciding with peak concentrations for a number of combustion products are also shown in Fig.…”

Section: Campaign Intercomparison and Evaluation Of F 44supporting

confidence: 69%

“…Concentrations of trace gases primarily produced by fire sources, including HCN and CH 3 CN, are commonly used as indicators for BB plumes (Li et al, 2000;Yokelson et al, 2007;Crounse et al, 2009;Yokelson et al, 2009;Akagi et al, 2011). A scheme using a HCN concentration threshold of six times the standard deviation (6σ ) has been used during BORTAS in an analysis of high sensitivity 1 Hz CIMS measurements and their consistency with CO and CH 3 CN concentrations (Le Breton et al, 2013).…”

Section: Data Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Properties and evolution of biomass burning organic aerosol from Canadian boreal forest fires

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Airborne measurements of biomass burning organic aerosol (BBOA) from boreal forest fires reveal highly contrasting properties for plumes of different ages. These measurements, performed using an Aerodyne Research Inc. compact time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometer (C-ToF-AMS) during the BORTAS (quantifying the impact of BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants over the Atlantic using Aircraft and Satellites) experiment in the summer of 2011, have been used to derive normalised excess organic aerosol (OA) mass concentrations ( OA / CO), with higher average ratios observed closer to source (0.190 ± 0.010) than in the far-field (0.097 ± 0.002). The difference in OA / CO between fresh and aged plumes is influenced by a change in dominant combustion conditions throughout the campaign. Measurements at source comprised 3 plume interceptions during a single research flight and sampled largely smouldering fires. Twentythree interceptions were made across four flights in the farfield, with plumes originating from fires occurring earlier in the campaign when fire activity had been more intense, creating an underlying contrast in emissions prior to any transformations associated with aging. Changing combustion conditions also affect the vertical distribution of biomass burning emissions, as aged plumes from more flaming-dominated fires are injected to higher altitudes of up to 6000 m. Proportional contributions of the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) 60 and 44 peaks in the AMS mass spectra to the total OA mass (denoted f 60 and f 44 ) are used as tracers for primary and oxidised BBOA, respectively. f 44 is lower on average in near-field plumes than those sampled in the far-field, in accordance with longer aging times as plumes are transported a greater distance from source. However, high levels of O 3 / CO and −log(NO x / NO y ) close to source indicate that emissions can be subject to very rapid oxidation over short timescales. Conversely, the lofting of plumes into the upper troposphere can lead to the retention of source profiles after transportation over extensive temporal and spatial scales, with f 60 also higher on average in aged plumes. Evolution of OA composition with aging is comparable to observations of BB tracers in previous studies, revealing a consistent progression from f 60 to f 44 . The elevated levels of oxygenation in aged plumes, and their association with lower average OA / CO, are consistent with OA loss through evaporation during aging due to a combination of dilution and chemical processing, while differences in combustion conditions throughout the campaign also have a significant influence on BBOA production and composition.

show abstract

Section: Campaign Intercomparison and Evaluation Of F 44supporting

confidence: 69%

Section: Data Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and evolution of biomass burning organic aerosol from Canadian boreal forest fires

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, it does not preclude that there was significant net OA production/evaporation that occurred prior to or after this observed period as has been observed in other BB field studies (e.g. Akagi et al, 2012;Yokelson et al, 2009). Thus, although evidence of photo-oxidation and chemical processing was observed in-plume by Parrington et al (2013), any chemical composition impact on the size distribution at the ages observed here seems negligible.…”

Section: Net Production/loss Of Organic Aerosol With Timementioning

confidence: 44%

“…Coagulation is a driving factor in size-distribution evolution due to the high concentrations of particles within plumes (Andreae and Merlet, 2001;Capes et al, 2008). Production of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in-plume has been observed in chamber studies Grieshop et al, 2009;Hennigan et al, 2011;Heringa et al, 2011;Ortega et al, 2013) and in the field (DeCarlo et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2008;Reid et al, 1998;Yokelson et al, 2009), and this SOA will condense onto the particles, increasing their size. In addition, the primary organic aerosol (POA) emitted by the fires may evaporate during the dilution of the plume (Huffman et al, 2009;May et al, 2013).…”

Section: Biomass-burning Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aged boreal biomass-burning aerosol size distributions from BORTAS 2011

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Biomass-burning aerosols contribute to aerosol radiative forcing on the climate system. The magnitude of this effect is partially determined by aerosol size distributions, which are functions of source fire characteristics (e.g. fuel type, MCE) and in-plume microphysical processing. The uncertainties in biomass-burning emission number-size distributions in climate model inventories lead to uncertainties in the CCN (cloud condensation nuclei) concentrations and forcing estimates derived from these models.The BORTAS-B (Quantifying the impact of BOReal forest fires on Tropospheric oxidants over the Atlantic using Aircraft and Satellite) measurement campaign was designed to sample boreal biomass-burning outflow over eastern Canada in the summer of 2011. Using these BORTAS-B data, we implement plume criteria to isolate the characteristic size distribution of aged biomass-burning emissions (aged ∼ 1-2 days) from boreal wildfires in northwestern Ontario. The composite median size distribution yields a single dominant accumulation mode with D pm = 230 nm (numbermedian diameter) and σ = 1.5, which are comparable to literature values of other aged plumes of a similar type. The organic aerosol enhancement ratios ( OA / CO) along the path of Flight b622 show values of 0.09-0.17 µg m −3 ppbv −1 (parts per billion by volume) with no significant trend with distance from the source. This lack of enhancement ratio increase/decrease with distance suggests no detectable net OA (organic aerosol) production/evaporation within the aged plume over the sampling period (plume age: 1-2 days), though it does not preclude OA production/loss at earlier stages. A Lagrangian microphysical model was used to determine an estimate of the freshly emitted size distribution corresponding to the BORTAS-B aged size distributions. The model was restricted to coagulation and dilution processes based on the insignificant net OA production/evaporation derived from the OA / CO enhancement ratios. We estimate that the young-plume median diameter was in the range of 59-94 nm with modal widths in the range of 1.7-2.8 (the ranges are due to uncertainty in the entrainment rate). Thus, the size of the freshly emitted particles is relatively unconstrained due to the uncertainties in the plume dilution rates.

show abstract

“…Recent research has become increasingly focused on less-well-studied APNs due to their involvement in several key atmospheric processes. Of these, interest has been generated for acryloyl peroxynitrate (APAN, CH 2 CHC(O)O 2 NO 2 ), a product of acrolein oxidation, where the dominant atmospheric source is understood to be from aged biomass burning emissions (Yokelson et al, 2009). Methacryloyl peroxynitrate (MPAN, CH 2 C(CH 3 )C(O)O 2 NO 2 ) has received recent attention due to its involvement as an intermediate in secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene (Surratt et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a photochemical source for the production and calibration of acyl peroxynitrate compounds

Veres

Roberts

2015

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract.A dynamic system for the calibration of acyl peroxynitrate compounds (APNs) has been developed in the laboratory to reduce the difficulty, required time, and instability of laboratory-produced standards for difficult-to-synthesize APN species. In this work we present a photochemical source for the generation of APN standards: acetyl peroxynitrate (PAN), propionyl peroxynitrate (PPN), acryloyl peroxynitrate (APAN), methacryloyl peroxynitrate (MPAN), and crotonyl peroxynitrate (CPAN). APNs are generated via photolysis of a mixture of acyl chloride (RC(O)Cl) and ketone (RC( =O)R) precursor compounds in the presence of O 2 and NO 2 . Subsequent separation by a prep-scale gas chromatograph and detection with a total NO y instrument serve to quantify the output of the APN source. Validation of the APN products was performed using iodide ion chemical ionization mass spectroscopy (I − CIMS). This method of standard production is an efficient and accurate technique for the calibration of instrumentation used to measure PAN, PPN, APAN, MPAN, and CPAN.

show abstract

Emissions from biomass burning in the Yucatan

Cited by 497 publications

References 97 publications

Properties and evolution of biomass burning organic aerosol from Canadian boreal forest fires

Properties and evolution of biomass burning organic aerosol from Canadian boreal forest fires

Aged boreal biomass-burning aerosol size distributions from BORTAS 2011

Development of a photochemical source for the production and calibration of acyl peroxynitrate compounds

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About