Emmprin (basigin/CD147): Matrix metalloproteinase modulator and multifunctional cell recognition molecule that plays a critical role in cancer progression

Abstract

Emmprin (basigin, CD147) is a cell surface glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. It is highly expressed on the surface of tumor cells and stimulates adjacent fibroblasts or tumor cells to produce matrix metalloproteinases. Moreover, it has recently been shown that emmprin also stimulates expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and hyaluronan, which leads to angiogenesis and anchorage-independent growth/multidrug resistance, respectively. These findings have made emmprin an important molecule in tumor progression and, thus, more attractive as a target for antitumor treatment. However, other functions of emmprin, including as an activator of T cells, a chaperone for monocarboxylate transporters, a receptor for cyclophilin A and a neural recognition molecule, are also being identified in physiological and pathological conditions. Therefore, it is essential to develop specific means to control particular functions of emmprin, for which elucidation of each mechanism is crucial. This review will discuss the role of emmprin in tumor progression and recent advances in the molecular mechanisms of diverse phenomena regulated by emmprin.

Hepatitis B X-interacting protein promotes cisplatin resistance and regulates CD147 via Sp1 in ovarian cancer

“…It is highly expressed in tumor cells and stimulates adjacent fibroblasts or tumor cells to produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). 23 CD147 is overexpressed in a number of carcinomas and is associated with tumor progression. 23,24 Previous findings have shown that CD147 promotes migration, invasion, and metastasis in cancer cells, enhancing the activity of MMPs by digesting the components of the extracellular matrix in breast cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer.…”

“…23 CD147 is overexpressed in a number of carcinomas and is associated with tumor progression. 23,24 Previous findings have shown that CD147 promotes migration, invasion, and metastasis in cancer cells, enhancing the activity of MMPs by digesting the components of the extracellular matrix in breast cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma, and ovarian cancer. [25][26][27] Sp1 was a eukaryotic transcriptional activator identified and involved in many physiological and pathological processes by regulating gene expression, which is affected by the rate of Sp1 protein synthesis, nuclear translocation, and DNAbinding affinity.…”

Emmprin (Cd147)

“…Sowohl die Transmembrandomäne mit 24 AS als auch die 40 AS umfassende zytoplasmatische Domäne verfügen über Besonderheiten in ihrer Struktur, die für die Interaktion mit anderen Proteinen notwendig sind [14,15].…”

“…B. MatrixMetalloproteinasen (MMP) oder "vascular endothelial growth factor" (VEGF; [11]). Ob jedoch ausschließlich über homophile Proteinkomplexe Signalwege in Zellen aktiviert werden können oder EMMPRIN auch über heterophile Interaktionen mit weiteren Zelloberflächen-rezeptoren Signaltransduktionen auslöst, konnte bislang nicht abschließend gezeigt werden [11,12,15].…”

CD147: A potential regulator of oncogenesis non-invasive imaging of CD147 in living subjects

“…Discovered 25 years ago, this molecule was initially identified as a tumor surface protein capable of inducing matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and named as tumor-cell derived collagenase stimulatory factor (TCSF). [3][4][5] While increased expression of CD147 occurs in many tumors, it's expression is not limited to tumor cells. CD147, a pleiotropic molecule critical in fetal development and retinal function, also has been shown to play a role in thymic T cell development and many neurological processes including the development of the nervous system, involvement in spatial learning and Alzheimer's plaque formation.…”