Emprendimiento de negocios propios en el Perú: el rol de los factores sociodemográficos personales a nivel de departamentos

Abstract

El artículo tiene como objetivo especificar las variables sociodemográficas pertenecientes al individuo que determinan la creación de negocios propios en los departamentos del Perú. Para ello, con información de la Encuesta Nacional de Hogares sobre Condiciones de Vida y Pobreza (ENAHO) del año 2015, se efectúan regresiones econométricas de un modelo probit para cada uno de los 24 departamentos. Los resultados indican que las principales características sociodemográficas que determinan la probabilidad de establecer algún negocio son: la edad de la persona, la situación laboral, la experiencia laboral, la educación superior alcanzada, el tamaño del hogar, la condición de ser jefe de hogar, y la cantidad de miembros del hogar que generan ingresos personales. Otras 11 variables sociodemográficas consideradas muestran relevancia estadística sólo en algunos departamentos.

Actividad emprendedora de los millennials en Antioquia (Colombia)

“…Likewise, it is observed that the probability of being at level 2 (starting the business or already having it in operation), is higher if it is a man (42.90% compared to 32.30% of women), which is in line with what is reported in the literature, which shows greater participation of men in contexts of entrepreneurship (Diaz et al, 2010). Concerning marital status, the probability of being at level 2 of the enterprise is lower if he is single (32.10% compared to 46.20% for a situation other than single), a situation that also coincides with that expressed by León Mendoza (2018), mentioning the possibility of having better conditions and support from the spouse to undertake.…”

“…Reports have been made on the incidence of sociodemographic factors on the business intentions of graduate students (Tarapuez, Aristizábal, et al, 2018), especially personal sociodemographic factors, in addition to requiring the entrepreneur to possess skills and motivations that are considered to be explanatory when it comes to entrepreneurship (León Mendoza, 2018) and that influence the entrepreneurial activity of young people either out of necessity or opportunity (Canales, Román, & Ovando, 2017).…”

“…Among the aspects that relate entrepreneurial activity with socioeconomic factors are gender, age, educational level, income (Diaz, Hernandez, Sanchez, & Postigo, 2010;Dilli & Westerhuis, 2018;Hernández, Sánchez, & Mayens, 2019;León Mendoza, 2018;Raposo & Paço, 2011;Zengyu, Nandialath, Kassim, & Esra, 2013), marital status and socioeconomic level (Canales et al, 2017;Tarapuez, García, & Castellano, 2018) as well as the training of parents and the family environment (Ferrando, Velilla, & Ortega, 2019;Meek, Pacheco, & York, 2010).…”

“…Recent studies speak of the contrast between single people who are more prone to risk because they do not have commitments like married people, at the time of undertaking; which would generate a limitation in people with family and economic obligations (León Mendoza, 2018;Tovar, Balanta, Ordoñez, & Serna, 2018); however, there is no consensus, since some scholars have also found that married people are more likely to undertake business ventures than single people in certain countries (Corradin & Popov, 2013;de la O Cordero & Urbano Pulido, 2020;Özcan, 2011).…”

Socio-Economic Factors of Rural Entrepreneurs that Influence Agricultural Development in Antioquia

“…Among the aspects that relate entrepreneurial activity with socioeconomic factors are variables such as gender, age, educational level, income [54][55][56][57][58][59], marital status, and socioeconomic stratum [60,61]; as well as parental education and family environment [62,63]. Taking into account the above, it is important to describe the findings related in the literature, around the mentioned sociodemographic variables that affect entrepreneurial activity [55].…”