Enabling a constant and efficient flow of wireless energy for IoT sensors

Belo, Daniel; Correia, Ricardo; Pinho, Pedro; Carvalho, Nuno Borges

doi:10.1109/mwsym.2017.8058862

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Performance analysis of combining EH and BackCom [67]- [69] has shown promise as a solution to these problems. Hence, authors in [70], [71] developed techniques to enable continuous availability of RF energy for harvesting at the tag. In [70], a dual band (1.8 GHz and 2.45 GHz) EH and backscatter circuit was presented.…”

Section: A Energy Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Backscatter Wireless Communications and Sensing in Green Internet of Things

Toro

Leung

2022

IEEE Trans. on Green Commun. Netw.

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Internet of Things (IoT) is a key technology for enabling ubiquitous applications that interconnect with cyberphysical systems in various environments. However, its large scale adoption is strongly impeded by the limited energy available for most IoT devices that are battery-powered, and further challenged by the growing demands to pack increasing functionalities into IoT devices while shrinking their sizes. To address these problems, researchers have developed techniques for energy harvesting, wireless power transfer, and minimizing power consumption in the sensing, communication and computation components of IoT nodes, as found in many surveys. In contrast, this paper surveys Backscatter Communication (BackCom), a recently emerged technique that enables green IoT through joint wireless communication and sensing and potentially allows IoT devices to operate without batteries. The operating principle of BackCom-based green IoT, its architecture and evolution are presented. Also state-of-the-art applications such as healthcare, agriculture, human activity recognition, transportation and mobile IoT are reviewed together with the operational and security challenges faced by these applications and potential solution techniques to address these challenges while ensuring a high energy efficiency. Lastly, some future applications of BackCombased green IoT are discussed.

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Section: A Energy Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Matching circuits designed for both bands ensures maximum power transfer to the sensor node for storage. In contrast, different bands at 5.83 GHz and 3.45 GHz were utilized in [71] for EH at the tag and low power BackCom, respectively. Additionally, the authors designed EE techniques for transmission of signals at 5.83 GHz.…”

Section: A Energy Harvestingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Backscatter Wireless Communications and Sensing in Green Internet of Things

Toro

Leung

2022

IEEE Trans. on Green Commun. Netw.

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“…Furthermore, in the BackCom vision, communication is obtained by avoiding the implementation of most of the functional blocks in the transmitting/receiving chain (i.e., oscillators, mixers), reducing device complexity, and decreasing production costs [13,14]. Additionally, such node architectures usually involve EH and/or WPT to fully overcome the energy constraints and extend the battery life, as illustrated in [15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Efficient Enhancement in a 5.8 GHz Batteryless Node Suitable for Backscattering Communications

et al. 2023

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This work presents a compact batteryless node architecture suitable with the backscattering communication (BackCom) approach. The key functional blocks are demonstrated at 5.8 GHz, making use of commercially available components involving a DC/DC step-up converter, a 3.3 V data generator, and an ASK backscattering modulator based on a single GaAs HEMT in a cold-FET configuration. The node integrates a patch antenna exhibiting a non-50 Ω optimal port impedance; the value is defined by means of a source pull-based optimization technique aimed at maximizing the DC/DC input current supplied by the RF to DC converter. This approach maximizes the node compactness, as well as the wireless power conversion efficiency. A prototype was optimized for the −5 dBm power level at the input of the RF to DC converter. Under this measurement condition, the experimental results showed a 63% increase in the harvesting current, rising from 145 to 237 μA, compared to an identical configuration that used a microstrip matching network coupled with a typical 50-Ω patch antenna. In terms of harvested power, the achieved improvement was from −13.2 dBm to −10.9 dBm. The conversion efficiency in an operative condition improved from 15% to more than 25%. In this condition, the node is capable of charging a 100 μF to the operative voltage in about 27 s, and operating the backscattering for 360 ms with a backscattering modulation frequency of about 10 MHz.

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“…By using this strategy, the space dispersion by the environment can be compensated and higher power is available to the wireless sensor antenna, typically allowing it to operate at a higher power conversion efficiency. In [ 5 ], a transmitting antenna array is used to power a batteryless device. In this case, the active antenna elements were controlled in three different states in order to deliver constant power to the device, considering a scenario where the WPT sensor is moving.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Antenna Characterization for WPT Applications

Jordão

Pires

Belo

et al. 2021

Sensors

Self Cite

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The main goal of this paper is to present a three-dimensional (3D) antenna array to improve the performance of wireless power transmission (WPT) systems, as well as its characterization with over-the-air (OTA) multi-sine techniques. The 3D antenna consists of 15 antenna elements attached to an alternative 3D structure, allowing energy to be transmitted to all azimuth directions at different elevation angles without moving. The OTA multi-sine characterization technique was first utilized to identify issues in antenna arrays. However, in this work, the technique is used to identify which elements of the 3D antenna should operate to transmit the energy in a specific direction. Besides, the 3D antenna design description and its characterization are performed to authenticate its operation. Since 3D antennas are an advantage in WPT applications, the antenna is evaluated in a real WPT scenario to power an RF–DC converter, and experimental results are presented.

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Enabling a constant and efficient flow of wireless energy for IoT sensors

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Backscatter Wireless Communications and Sensing in Green Internet of Things

Backscatter Wireless Communications and Sensing in Green Internet of Things

Energy Efficient Enhancement in a 5.8 GHz Batteryless Node Suitable for Backscattering Communications

3D Antenna Characterization for WPT Applications

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