Enabling water-free PEDOT as hole selective layer in lead-free tin perovskite solar cells

Girolamo, Diego Di; Aktas, Ece; Ponti, Corinna; Pascual, Jorge; Li, Guixiang; Li, Meng; Nasti, Giuseppe; Alharthi, Fahad A.; Mura, Francesco; Abate, Antonio

doi:10.1039/d2ma00834c

Cited by 9 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Recently, Di Girolamo et al successfully employed a non-aqueous HTM source for Sn-based PSCs . With the PEDOT/Al 2 O 3 bilayer we achieved a J sc of 16.04 mA/cm 2 , and combined with an open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) of 4.85 V, this resulted in a PCE of 5.7% for the champion module under AM 1.5G illumination.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…14 Recently, Di Girolamo et al successfully employed a nonaqueous HTM source for Sn-based PSCs. 15 With the PEDOT/ Al 2 O 3 bilayer we achieved a J sc of 16.04 mA/cm 2 , and combined with an open-circuit voltage (V oc ) of 4.85 V, this resulted in a PCE of 5.7% for the champion module under AM 1.5G illumination. A photograph of the fabricated module and forward scans for champion devices with varying HTMs are displayed in Figure 2a,b, and dark scans are plotted in Figure S3.…”

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confidence: 92%

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Large-Area, Flexible, Lead-Free Sn-Perovskite Solar Modules

Żuraw,

Vinocour Pacheco,

Sánchez-Diaz

et al. 2023

ACS Energy Lett.

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confidence: 88%

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confidence: 92%

Large-Area, Flexible, Lead-Free Sn-Perovskite Solar Modules

Żuraw,

Vinocour Pacheco,

Sánchez-Diaz

et al. 2023

ACS Energy Lett.

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“…40 Also, PSS-free PEDOT (Clevios HTL Solar 3) was applied. 41 ■ RESEARCH PROGRESS ON OTHER HTLS FOR TIN…”

Section: ■ Critical Htl Design Factors For Tin Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though PSS is beneficial in suppressing the easy tin disproportionation (Sn(II) → Sn(IV) + Sn(0)) according to the Frost diagram, it is readily moisturized in air due to hygroscopicity, which is detrimental to the long-term stability of both PEDOT:PSS and tin perovskites. , In this regard, PEDOT:PSS was passivated by a hydrophobic overlayer like poly(methyl methacrylate) . Also, PSS-free PEDOT (Clevios HTL Solar 3) was applied …”

Section: Research Progress On Pedot:pss For Tin Pscsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing Effective Hole Transport Layers in Tin Perovskite Solar Cells

Song,

Ramakrishnan,

et al. 2023

ACS Energy Lett.

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Beyond collecting hole charge carriers, hole transport layers (HTLs) in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) can play a significant role in determining the perovskite's quality and stability. While diverse prospective HTL materials are explored for high-performance lead-based PSCs, tin-based PSCs predominantly rely on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) to achieve power conversion efficiency near 15% and around 1 year of N 2 shelf-storage stability. While tin perovskites exhibit distinct characteristics in terms of crystal defect species, interfacial properties, crystallization mechanisms, and shallow energy levels, device architectures and HTL materials are usually adopted from lead PSCs without tailoring them for tin PSCs. In this regard, the effective design of HTLs in tin PSCs remains not well-explored. In this Perspective, we propose a comprehensive set of effective HTL design factors with a dedicated focus on tin PSCs, aiming at upgrading PEDOT:PSS and modifying other prospective HTLs to ultimately break the current performance limit to be competitive with or beyond lead PSCs.

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“…We finally note that the formation of tin oxide has been hypothesized in some experiments but mainly during device operation. [15][16][17][18][19][20] In this respect, our experiments focus on the degradation of the material by focusing on the pathway and mechanism of degradation of Sn-based perovskite material only.…”

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confidence: 99%

First Experimental Evidence of Amorphous Tin Oxide Formation in Lead‐Free Perovskites by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

Mannino,

Sanchez-Diaz,

Smecca

et al. 2023

Solar RRL

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The most promising lead‐free options for producing perovskite solar cells are tin halide perovskite (Sn‐HP) materials. Here, while in situ monitoring the optical evolution of the material in humid air, we used spectroscopic ellipsometry to investigate the dielectric function of FASnI3 layers (with and without additives) within the range of 1–5eV. According to calculations based on the density functional theory that showed oxygen diffusion on FASnI3 surfaces, the steady decrease in absorption coefficient in the band gap region (1.47eV) and simultaneous increase in absorption in the 3‐4.5 eV region suggested the production of amorphous tin oxide (SnO2). Concurrently, X‐ray diffraction revealed a clear degradation of FASnI3. With the addition of sodium borohydride (NaBH4) and dipropylammonium iodide (DiPI), the optically active area of about 1.47 eV was preserved for a longer period while SnO2 production was prevented. Last but not least, we investigated FASnI3's stability in a dry N2 environment and showed that it is optically durable for thermal operations up to 100 °C, particularly when additives are used.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Enabling water-free PEDOT as hole selective layer in lead-free tin perovskite solar cells

Abstract: A thin layer of Al2O3 nanoparticles has been deposited on top of a water-free PEDOT layer to modify wettability for obtaining pinhole-free homogenous tin-based perovskite films, resulting in better device performance.

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Large-Area, Flexible, Lead-Free Sn-Perovskite Solar Modules

Large-Area, Flexible, Lead-Free Sn-Perovskite Solar Modules

Designing Effective Hole Transport Layers in Tin Perovskite Solar Cells

First Experimental Evidence of Amorphous Tin Oxide Formation in Lead‐Free Perovskites by Spectroscopic Ellipsometry

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