Encapsulation of tributyrin by gamma‐cyclodextrin: Complexation, spray drying, and in vitro fermentation

Abstract

Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) known for support in gastrointestinal (GI) health. Tributyrin (TB) could be used as an alternate source of butyrate. The objectives of this study were to encapsulate TB using gammacyclodextrin (CD) by spray-drying and to investigate the physicochemical and the fermentation properties of TB/CD complex. The TB/CD complex precipitated in water with an average stoichiometry of 1:1.3 of TB:CD. At a 1:2 molar ratio of TB:CD, TB was fully retained in the spray-dried TB/CD complex. The spray-dried TB/CD complex showed crystalline structure, supported by both X-ray diffraction spectra and scanning electron microscopy images. The TB/CD complex at 1:2 molar ratio was fermented and several SCFAs, including butyrate, were produced in an in vitro test using piglets' ileal and colonic contents. A dose-dependent increase in the butyrate concentration in both ileum and ascending colon was observed. Approximately, 426 and 1189 μmole butyrate was produced per gram of TB/CD powder at 9 mM treatment in ileum and ascending colon, respectively. Thus, the production of the TB/CD complex using spray drying is feasible and the complex has the potential for food applications to improve intestinal health.

Nanoliposomes for encapsulation and calcium delivery of egg white peptide–calcium complex

“…Liposomes have a hydrophilic core and one or more phospholipid bilayer membranes, which can both encapsulate water‐soluble drugs in their core cavity and solubilize lipid‐soluble drugs in their bilayer membranes (Sahu, & Jain, 2017; Zhang et al., 2019). The fact that liposomes contain an aqueous core and lipophilic bilayer makes them widely‐used delivery systems in many fields such as pharmaceutical, personal care, chemical, and food processing (Ding et al., 2011; Shi et al., 2020). Recently, liposomes are introduced into the food and nutrition fields to encapsulate and control the release of biologically active ingredients due to their good biocompatibility, potential sustained release and targeting properties, and high bioavailability and stability (Liu et al., 2017; Sahu, & Jain, 2017; Zhang et al., 2019).…”