Endogenous polyamines in apple and their relationship to fruit set and fruit growth

Biasi, R.; Bagni, Nello; Costa, Guglielmo

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1988.tb00586.x

Cited by 75 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The polyamines are normally at a low level when the fruit ripening starts. Such an evolution pattern has been reported in pumpkin 7 , apple 8,9,93 , pea 12 , cherimoya 22 , rambutan 36 , peach 38 , avocado 39,91 , mango 40 , Phaseolus vulgaris 56 , tomato 72,81 , pepper 73 , grape 75 , and pear 84 . In avocado, polyamines were at their maximal level during early fruit development, whereas they declined to 30% or less at full maturity 39 .…”

Section: Endogenous Polyamine During Fruit Development and Ripeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

Involvement of Polyamine in Floral and Fruit Development

Liu

Honda

Moriguchi

2006

JARQ

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Polyamines, including putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd) and spermine (Spm), are polycationic compounds of low molecular weight that are widely distributed in living organisms. They are implicated in a variety of plant processes, such as floral and fruit development. In addition, correlation between polyamines and flower gender or fertility is reported in some plant species. Since polyamines, especially Spd and Spm share a common precursor, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), with ethylene, they demonstrated competitive effects on functions in fruit development and ripening in many plants. Exogenous polyamines have been employed to regulate floral and fruit development and ripening in a lot of plants. Besides, polyamines have shown their potential for postharvest fruit management. Therefore, in this review, we focused on the involvement of polyamines in floral and fruit development along with perspectives of polyamine research.

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Section: Endogenous Polyamine During Fruit Development and Ripeningmentioning

confidence: 98%

Involvement of Polyamine in Floral and Fruit Development

Liu

Honda

Moriguchi

2006

JARQ

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“…Little is known about the role of polyamines in fruit development. In avocado (13,26), apple (6), pear (25), and tomato cv Rutgers (4) fruits, free polyamine levels decline during fruit development. An increase is observed in the fruits of mandarin (16), Shamouti orange (11), and tomato landrace Alcobaca containing the recessive allele alc (7) during fruit maturation and ripening.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamine Levels and Tomato Fruit Development: Possible Interaction with Ethylene

Saftner¹,

Baldi²

1990

Plant Physiol.

106

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Fruits of tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv Liberty, ripen slowly and have a prolonged keeping quality. Ethylene production and the levels of polyamines in pericarp of cv Liberty, Pik Red, and Rutgers were measured in relation to fruit development. Depending on the stage of fruit development, Liberty produced between 16 and 38% of the ethylene produced by Pik Red and Rutgers. The polyamines putrescine, spermidine, and spermine were present in all cultivars. Cadaverine was detected only in Rutgers. Levels of putrescine and spermidine declined between the immature and mature green stages of development and prior to the onset of climacteric ethylene production. In Pik Red and Rutgers, the decline persisted, whereas in Liberty, the putrescine level increased during ripening. Ripe pericarp of Liberty contained about three and six times more free (unconjugated) polyamines than Pik Red and Rutgers, respectively. No pronounced changes in spermidine or cadaverine occurred during ripening. The increase in the free polyamine level in ripe pericarp of Liberty may account for the reduction of climacteric ethylene production, and prolonged storage life.A regulatory role for polyamines in plants is suggested by their ubiquity, their abundance in actively growing tissues and their decline in senescing tissues, the regulation of their production by factors that affect plant growth and development, and their effects on plant growth and development when applied to plants (9,10,22). Little is known about the role of polyamines in fruit development. In avocado (13, 26), apple (6), pear (25), and tomato cv Rutgers (4) fruits, free polyamine levels decline during fruit development. An increase is observed in the fruits of mandarin (16), Shamouti orange (11), and tomato landrace Alcobaca containing the recessive allele alc (7) during fruit maturation and ripening. Infusing polyamines into pear fruits delayed fruit ripening (25). These findings suggest that free polyamines serve as endogenous antisenescence agents.Ethylene is a senescence-promoting hormone and accelerates fruit ripening (1, 27). Free polyamines inhibited ethylene production in a variety of tissues (2,5,8,24) opposite effects in relation to fruit ripening and senescence (3,5,9,22,26). Because of this, polyamine and ethylene physiologies may be linked during fruit development. This paper describes the changes in free polyamine levels and ethylene production during fruit development in pericarp from normal and slow ripening tomato cultivars. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plant MaterialFruits at various stages ofdevelopment were harvested from greenhouse-grown plants oftomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cv Liberty, Pik Red, and Rutgers. Fruits were graded for maturity and ripening stages (12,17). The six fruit stages used were immature green, mature green, breaker, pink, light red, and red. Polyamine AnalysisPolyamine analyses were performed as described elsewhere (23). Because free, but not conjugated, polyamines have been implicated as endogenous antisenescenc...

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“…The increase in fresh mass of peach flowers was accompanied by decrease in both total polyamines and ratio of Put/Spd due to unambiguous decline in Put. It has been described that decrease in polyamines may be associated with increase in fresh mass due to cell enlargement (Biasi et al 1988). A high ratio of Put/Spd has been proposed to indicate active cell division, whereas the decrease in the ratio indicated cell enlargement (Kushad et al 1990).…”

Section: ⎯⎯⎯⎯mentioning

confidence: 97%

Changes in free polyamines and gene expression during peach flower development

Liu¹,

Moriguchi²

2007

Biologia plant.

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Free polyamine contents and expressions of five genes encoding for polyamine biosynthetic enzymes were investigated at four different stages during peach (Prunus persica L. Batsch cv. Akatsuki) flower development. Fresh mass of peach flowers increased, accompanied by reduction in contents of total polyamines and putrescine/spermidine ratio due to decrease in putrescine content. Spermidine, the largest fraction, and spermine, the least part, underwent minor change. Expressions of the five key genes involved in polyamine biosynthesis during flower development did not parallel the changes in free polyamines.

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Endogenous polyamines in apple and their relationship to fruit set and fruit growth

Cited by 75 publications

References 16 publications

Involvement of Polyamine in Floral and Fruit Development

Involvement of Polyamine in Floral and Fruit Development

Polyamine Levels and Tomato Fruit Development: Possible Interaction with Ethylene

Changes in free polyamines and gene expression during peach flower development

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