Endometritis andIn VitroPGE₂Challenge Modify Properties of Cattle Endometrial Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Transcriptomic Profile

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were isolated and characterized from postpartum bovine endometrium of animals with subclinical (n = 5) and clinical endometritis (n = 3) and healthy puerperal females (n = 5). Cells isolated displayed mean morphological features of MSCs and underwent osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation after induction (healthy and subclinical). Cells from cows with clinical endometritis did not undergo adipogenic differentiation. All cells expressed mRNAs for selected MSC markers. Endometrial MSCs were challenged in vitro with PGE2 at concentrations of 0, 1, 3, and 10 μM, and their global transcriptomic profile was studied. Overall, 1127 genes were differentially expressed between unchallenged cells and cells treated with PGE2 at all concentrations (763 up- and 364 downregulated, fold change > 2, and P < 0.05). The pathways affected the most by the PGE2 challenge were immune response, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation. In conclusion, we demonstrated that healthy puerperal bovine endometrium contains MSCs and that endometritis modifies and limits some functional characteristics of these cells, such as their ability to proceed to adipogenic differentiation. Also, PGE2, an inflammatory mediator of endometritis, modifies the transcriptomic profile of endometrial MSCs. A similar situation may occur during inflammation associated with endometritis, therefore affecting the main properties of endometrial MSCs.

Prevalence, survival and subsequent fertility of dairy and beef cows with uterine prolapse

“…The fact that no recurrence of uterine prolapse was recorded in the short time period seems to support the unnecessity of specific vaginal retention sutures. In cows, endometrial repair starts immediately after parturition, and epithelial regeneration in severely damaged areas such as the caruncles is complete in as few as 25 days (Dobson-Hill, 2009;Lara et al, 2017). The degree of trauma to the uterus and the time it takes to repair have a significant effect on fertility (Odegaard, 1977).…”

Regulation of inflammatory mediator expression in bovine endometrial cells: effects of lipopolysaccharide, interleukin 1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor alpha

“…The persistence of pathogenic microorganisms in the uterine lumen following parturition can delay the regeneration of endometrium (Lara et al. ; Sheldon et al. ) and disrupt the resumption of cyclic ovarian function (Huszenicza et al.…”

“…Postpartum uterine disease is one of the leading causes of reduced fertility in dairy cattle. The persistence of pathogenic microorganisms in the uterine lumen following parturition can delay the regeneration of endometrium (Lara et al 2017;Sheldon et al 2006) and disrupt the resumption of cyclic ovarian function (Huszenicza et al 1999;Williams et al 2008). Significant bacteria responsible for postpartum uterine disease are Escherichia coli, Trueperella pyogenes, and pathogenic anaerobic bacteria (Sheldon and Owens 2017).…”

Endometrial Stem Cells in Farm Animals: Potential Role in Uterine Physiology and Pathology

“…In a previous report, we isolated endometrial MSCs from <26 days puerperal healthy cows and showed those cells to have a fibroblast-like morphology, adherence to plastic, high clonogenicity, enhanced proliferative capacity and to differentiate into chondrogenic, osteogenic and adipogenic lineages in vitro [ 50 ]. In cows, endometrial repair starts immediately after parturition, and epithelium regeneration in seriously damaged areas such as caruncles is complete in as few as 25 days [ 67 , 68 ]. To our knowledge, there are no other reports about eMSCs from cattle or other animals during this postpartum period.…”