Endothelial function after high-sugar-food ingestion improves with endurance exercise performed on the previous day

Weiss, Edward P.; Arif, Hassan; Villareal, Dennis T.; Marzetti, Emanuele; Holloszy, John O.

doi:10.1093/ajcn/88.1.51

Cited by 36 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Additionally, previous findings show a significant increase in Nrf-2 gene expression at 12 and 18 h after acute exercise bout (Baar et al 2002). Weiss et al have previously shown that an acute 60-min bout of exercise performed 17 h prior to ingestion of a high sugar meal increased insulin sensitivity as assessed by flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery (Weiss et al 2008). Collectively, these data suggest that acute exercise-induced stimulus can have protective effects lasting at least 17-18 h.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acute exercise increases resistance to oxidative stress in young but not older adults

Nordin

Done

Traustadóttir

2014

AGE

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A single bout of acute exercise increases oxidative stress and stimulates a transient increase in antioxidant enzymes. We asked whether this response would induce protection from a subsequent oxidative challenge, different from that of exercise, and whether the effects were affected by aging. We compared young (20±1 years, n=8) and older (58±6 years, n=9) healthy men and women. Resistance to oxidative stress was measured by the F 2 -isoprostane response to forearm ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) trial. Each participant underwent the I/R trial twice, in random order; once after performing 45 min of cycling on the preceding day (IRX) and a control trial without any physical activity (IRC). Baseline F 2 -isoprostane levels were significantly lower at IRX compared to IRC (P<0.05) and not different between groups. F 2 -isoprostane response to IRX was significantly lower compared to IRC in young (P<0.05) but not different in the older group. Superoxide dismutase activity in response to acute exercise was significantly higher in young compared to older adults (P<0.05). These data suggest that signal transduction of acute exercise may be impaired with aging. Repeated bouts of transient reactive oxygen species production as seen with regular exercise may be needed to increase resistance to oxidative stress in older individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Acute exercise increases resistance to oxidative stress in young but not older adults

Nordin

Done

Traustadóttir

2014

AGE

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“…Although our study used acute strenuous physical exertion as a stressor, a number of studies demonstrate that higher fitness may protect against numerous acute stressors which may evoke vascular dysfunction, including mental stress [32], second hand smoke [33], excess alcohol consumption [21], high sugar [34], and high-fat meals [35,36]. These sources of acute stress to the vascular endothelium are ubiquitous, and many of them are linked to higher incidence of cardiovascular disease [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved arterial flow-mediated dilation after exertion involves hydrogen peroxide in overweight and obese adults following aerobic exercise training

Robinson

Franklin

Norkeviciute

et al. 2016

Journal of Hypertension

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“…Therefore it is perhaps most likely that any exercise-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity would increase femoral artery blood flow most substantially during the postprandial period, when insulin concentrations are high. Exercising aerobically for 60 min at ∼ 63 %Vo 2max was shown to improve postprandial, but not fasting, endothelial function, 17 h later, with the improvement attributed to greater insulin sensitivity after exercise [48]. Prior aerobic exercise may therefore increase skeletal muscle blood flow through improving local insulin sensitivity and ameliorating endothelial dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…It may be asked, "what is the mechanism through which prior exercise would produce an insulin-induced increase in blood flow?" Interestingly, postprandial endothelial function (measured by flowmediated dilatation) was improved by exercise performed 16-18 h earlier [48,50]. Moreover, insulin-sensitive Akt phosphorylation has been shown to be elevated 24 h after a 60-min exercise bout [51].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the beneficial effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipaemia partly due to redistribution of blood flow?

2011

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Preprandial aerobic exercise lowers postprandial lipaemia (a risk factor for coronary heart disease); however, the mechanisms responsible are still not clear. The present study investigated whether blood flow to skeletal muscle and/or the liver was increased in the postprandial period after exercise, relative to a control trial, and whether this resulted from increased cardiac output or redistribution of flow. Eight overweight inactive males, aged 49.4±10.5 years (mean±S.D.), acted as their own controls in a counterbalanced design, either walking briskly for 90 min at 60% V̇O2max (maximal oxygen uptake), or resting in the lab, on the evening of day 1. The following morning, a fasting blood sample was collected, participants consumed a high-fat breakfast, and further venous blood samples were drawn hourly for 6 h. Immediately after blood sampling, Doppler ultrasound was used to measure cardiac output and blood flow through both the femoral artery of one leg and the hepatic portal vein, with the ultrasonographer blinded to trial order. The total postprandial triacylglycerol response was 22% lower after exercise (P=0.001). Blood flow through the femoral artery and the hepatic portal vein was increased by 19% (P<0.001) and 16% (P=0.033), respectively, during the 6-h postprandial period following exercise; however, postprandial cardiac output did not differ between trials (P=0.065). Redistribution of blood flow, to both exercised skeletal muscle and the liver, may therefore play a role in reducing the plasma triacylglycerol response to a high-fat meal on the day after an exercise bout.

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Endothelial function after high-sugar-food ingestion improves with endurance exercise performed on the previous day

Cited by 36 publications

References 35 publications

Acute exercise increases resistance to oxidative stress in young but not older adults

Acute exercise increases resistance to oxidative stress in young but not older adults

Improved arterial flow-mediated dilation after exertion involves hydrogen peroxide in overweight and obese adults following aerobic exercise training

Is the beneficial effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipaemia partly due to redistribution of blood flow?

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